| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Hispanic | 18.4% ±1.6 pp32,697 ±2,888 |
| White | 12.4% ±1.4 pp22,043 ±2,499 |
| Black | 60.2% ±1.7 pp107,190 ±3,013 |
| Asian | 3.4% ±0.8 pp5,980 ±1,483 |
| Other or Multi-racial | 5.7% ±0.9 pp10,156 ±1,537 |
| Note: Race categories (White, Black, Asian, Other) refer to non-Hispanic individuals of that race. Hispanic or Latino is counted separately and may be of any race. NYC’s citywide Hispanic margin of error is not shown because ACS treats the Hispanic-origin total as a controlled estimate for this geography, meaning it is fixed to an official Census population total rather than estimated only from the ACS sample. Non-Hispanic race categories still have published MOEs. | |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
New York City Council District 31 Demographics, Housing & Census Data
New York City Council District 31 Census and ACS demographic tables: population, race, age, income, poverty, rent, housing types, single-family homes, commute, education, internet access, health insurance, and disability.
New York City Council District 31
Selvena N. Brooks-Powers
District 31 Council Member (Queens)
District 31 at a Glance
Median Household Income
$84,963±$4.1k
District 31
$84,963±$4.1k
New York City
$80,483±$601
Workers Who Commute by Public Transit
34.7%±1.9 pp
District 31
34.7%±1.9 pp
New York City
53.0%±0.2 pp
Renter Households
52.4%±1.9 pp
District 31
52.4%±1.9 pp
New York City
67.2%±0.2 pp
Adults With a Disability
15.0%±0.9 pp
District 31
15.0%±0.9 pp
New York City
14.5%±0.1 pp
Population Density (People per Sq Mi)
9,784±297
District 31
9,784±297
Average District
43,442
Adults 25+ With a Bachelor's Degree or Higher
28.2%±1.3 pp
District 31
28.2%±1.3 pp
New York City
41.6%±0.2 pp
Average Household Size
3.03±0.10
District 31
3.03±0.10
New York City
2.48±0.01
Residents Who Speak a Language Other Than English at Home
27.9%±1.7 pp
District 31
27.9%±1.7 pp
New York City
47.7%±0.2 pp
Foreign-Born Residents
36.7%±1.3 pp
District 31
36.7%±1.3 pp
New York City
36.6%±0.2 pp
Residents Who Are Naturalized U.S. Citizens
25.3%±1.1 pp
District 31
25.3%±1.1 pp
New York City
21.5%±0.1 pp
Residents Who Are Not U.S. Citizens
11.4%±1.0 pp
District 31
11.4%±1.0 pp
New York City
15.1%±0.2 pp
Residents Who Arrived in the U.S. in 2010 or Later
9.2%±1.1 pp
District 31
9.2%±1.1 pp
New York City
10.8%±0.1 pp
Median Household Income
$84,963±$4.1k
District 31
$84,963±$4.1k
New York City
$80,483±$601
Per Capita Income
$34,849±$1.0k
District 31
$34,849±$1.0k
New York City
$51,844±$373
Residents Below the Poverty Line
16.8%±1.6 pp
District 31
16.8%±1.6 pp
New York City
17.9%±0.2 pp
Residents in Deep Poverty (Below 50% of the Poverty Line)
8.6%±1.1 pp
District 31
8.6%±1.1 pp
New York City
8.8%±0.1 pp
Adults Experiencing Food Insecurity
29.5%
District 31
29.5%
New York City
24.4%
Adults Experiencing Housing Insecurity
25.7%
District 31
25.7%
New York City
19.8%
Adults Threatened With a Utility Shutoff
14.5%
District 31
14.5%
New York City
10.8%
Adults Facing Transportation Barriers
14.4%
District 31
14.4%
New York City
11.5%
Average Earnings of Full-Time, Year-Round Workers
$74,636±$2.7k
District 31
$74,636±$2.7k
New York City
$107,682±$955
Unemployment Rate, Ages 25–54
8.1%±1.3 pp
District 31
8.1%±1.3 pp
New York City
7.3%±0.2 pp
Adults 25–54 Not in the Labor Force
20.4%±4.9 pp
District 31
20.4%±4.9 pp
New York City
16.9%±0.7 pp
Self-Employed Workers
6.9%±1.0 pp
District 31
6.9%±1.0 pp
New York City
10.0%±0.2 pp
Household Income at 35 — Grew Up Here, Lower-Income
$39,050±$590
District 31
$39,050±$590
New York City
$44,497±$96
Top Income Quintile — Grew Up Here, Lower-Income
8.6%±0.5 pp
District 31
8.6%±0.5 pp
New York City
12.6%±0.1 pp
Employment Rate at 35 — Grew Up Here
75.8%±0.5 pp
District 31
75.8%±0.5 pp
New York City
74.1%±0.1 pp
Stayed in Region — Grew Up Here
68.5%±0.5 pp
District 31
68.5%±0.5 pp
New York City
71.5%±0.1 pp
These outcomes describe people born from 1978 to 1983 who grew up in New York City District 31, not people who necessarily live there today.
District 31 Jobs Held by District 31 Residents
8.5%
District 31
8.5%
New York City district median
8.1%
Local Jobs Paying Over $40,000 a Year
60.6%
District 31
60.6%
New York City
63.9%
Jobs at Firms With Fewer Than 50 Employees
15.2%
District 31
15.2%
New York City
22.7%
Employed District 31 Residents Working in District 31
8.9%
District 31
8.9%
New York City district median
6.2%
Residents Enrolled in K–12 School
17.5%±1.0 pp
District 31
17.5%±1.0 pp
New York City
14.0%±0.1 pp
Residents Enrolled in College or Graduate School
6.6%±0.6 pp
District 31
6.6%±0.6 pp
New York City
7.0%±0.1 pp
K–12 Students in Public School
75.7%±2.4 pp
District 31
75.7%±2.4 pp
New York City
80.3%±0.2 pp
K–12 Students Without a Computer or Internet
4.4%±1.5 pp
District 31
4.4%±1.5 pp
New York City
7.1%±0.3 pp
Homes Built Before 1940
19.2%±1.4 pp
District 31
19.2%±1.4 pp
New York City
38.2%±0.2 pp
Households With More Than One Person per Room
8.7%±1.3 pp
District 31
8.7%±1.3 pp
New York City
9.2%±0.2 pp
Rental Vacancy Rate
1.7%±0.7 pp
District 31
1.7%±0.7 pp
New York City
3.6%±0.1 pp
Households in Single-Family Homes
41.2%±1.8 pp
District 31
41.2%±1.8 pp
New York City
16.3%±0.2 pp
Median Rent Plus Utilities
$1,571±$82
District 31
$1,571±$82
New York City
$1,821±$7
Households Paying 30%+ of Income on Housing
47.7%±2.1 pp
District 31
47.7%±2.1 pp
New York City
49.8%±0.3 pp
Median Owner-Occupied Home Value
$669,929±$11.9k
District 31
$669,929±$11.9k
New York City
$777,600±$4.9k
Housing Units With Federal Rental Assistance
17.0%
District 31
17.0%
New York City
10.6%
Land Covered by Tree Canopy
10.1%
District 31
10.1%
New York City
23.6%
Land Covered by Pavement and Buildings
61.5%
District 31
61.5%
New York City
59.9%
Residents With 3+ Heat-Vulnerability Risk Factors
33.7%±2.2 pp
District 31
33.7%±2.2 pp
New York City
37.2%±0.3 pp
Households Without Air Conditioning
6.3%
District 31
6.3%
New York City
8.4%
Workers Who Commute by Public Transit
34.7%±1.9 pp
District 31
34.7%±1.9 pp
New York City
53.0%±0.2 pp
Workers Who Drive to Work Alone
49.2%±1.9 pp
District 31
49.2%±1.9 pp
New York City
25.9%±0.2 pp
Households With No Vehicle
32.1%±1.8 pp
District 31
32.1%±1.8 pp
New York City
55.3%±0.3 pp
Workers Commuting 60+ Minutes
36.4%±1.8 pp
District 31
36.4%±1.8 pp
New York City
25.3%±0.2 pp
Households With No Internet Access
6.8%±1.0 pp
District 31
6.8%±1.0 pp
New York City
7.3%±0.1 pp
Households With Only a Cellular Data Plan
24.8%±1.7 pp
District 31
24.8%±1.7 pp
New York City
13.8%±0.2 pp
Households With No Computer or Smartphone
4.7%±0.8 pp
District 31
4.7%±0.8 pp
New York City
5.3%±0.1 pp
Households With a Smartphone but No Computer
13.0%±1.5 pp
District 31
13.0%±1.5 pp
New York City
10.4%±0.2 pp
Uninsured Residents
6.9%±0.7 pp
District 31
6.9%±0.7 pp
New York City
6.3%±0.1 pp
Adults With a Disability
15.0%±0.9 pp
District 31
15.0%±0.9 pp
New York City
14.5%±0.1 pp
Adults in Fair or Poor Health
23.5%
District 31
23.5%
New York City
20.7%
Adults With Medical Provider-Diagnosed Depression
15.2%
District 31
15.2%
New York City
16.4%
Time period
Comparing
Values as
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Chart
vs. New York City
± Margin of error
Basic Demographics
Race & Ethnicity
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hispanic | 18.4%±1.6 pp32,697±2,888 | 28.5%2,420,122 | ▼ -10.2% | 30/51 |
| White | 12.4%±1.4 pp22,043±2,499 | 31.0%±0.0 pp2,627,063±3,874 | ▼ -18.6% | 37/51 |
| Black | 60.2%±1.7 pp107,190±3,013 | 20.4%±0.1 pp1,730,658±6,239 | ▲ +39.8% | 5/51 |
| Asian | 3.4%±0.8 pp5,980±1,483 | 14.6%±0.1 pp1,240,270±4,947 | ▼ -11.3% | 44/51 |
| Other or Multi-racial | 5.7%±0.9 pp10,156±1,537 | 5.5%±0.1 pp465,731±10,192 | ▲ +0.2% | 20/51 |
| Note: Race categories (White, Black, Asian, Other) refer to non-Hispanic individuals of that race. Hispanic or Latino is counted separately and may be of any race. NYC’s citywide Hispanic margin of error is not shown because ACS treats the Hispanic-origin total as a controlled estimate for this geography, meaning it is fixed to an official Census population total rather than estimated only from the ACS sample. Non-Hispanic race categories still have published MOEs. | ||||
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| 2010–14 | 2015–19 | 2020–24 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age Distribution
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Under 5 | 6.5% ±0.7 pp11,500 ±1,231 |
| 5-17 | 18.0% ±1.0 pp31,999 ±1,698 |
| 18-24 | 8.7% ±0.7 pp15,452 ±1,176 |
| 25-44 | 25.2% ±0.9 pp44,841 ±1,562 |
| 45-64 | 25.6% ±0.8 pp45,568 ±1,370 |
| 65-74 | 9.3% ±0.5 pp16,509 ±961 |
| 75-84 | 5.0% ±0.4 pp8,959 ±756 |
| 85+ | 1.8% ±0.2 pp3,238 ±436 |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Under 5 | 6.5%±0.7 pp11,500±1,231 | 5.7%±0.1 pp482,148±7,444 | ▲ +0.8% | 10/51 |
| 5-17 | 18.0%±1.0 pp31,999±1,698 | 14.5%±0.1 pp1,230,462±9,996 | ▲ +3.5% | 6/51 |
| 18-24 | 8.7%±0.7 pp15,452±1,176 | 8.1%±0.1 pp686,487±7,682 | ▲ +0.6% | 18/51 |
| 25-44 | 25.2%±0.9 pp44,841±1,562 | 30.7%±0.1 pp2,605,117±11,548 | ▼ -5.5% | 43/51 |
| 45-64 | 25.6%±0.8 pp45,568±1,370 | 24.5%±0.1 pp2,075,334±10,500 | ▲ +1.1% | 23/51 |
| 65-74 | 9.3%±0.5 pp16,509±961 | 9.5%±0.1 pp802,199±7,717 | ▼ -0.2% | 27/51 |
| 75-84 | 5.0%±0.4 pp8,959±756 | 5.0%±0.1 pp425,999±5,799 | 0% | 24/51 |
| 85+ | 1.8%±0.2 pp3,238±436 | 2.1%±0.0 pp176,098±4,094 | ▼ -0.3% | 29/51 |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Educational Attainment
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| No High School Diploma | 14.8% ±1.1 pp17,640 ±1,255 |
| High School Diploma or GED | 28.9% ±1.4 pp34,433 ±1,660 |
| Some College or Associate's Degree | 28.0% ±1.3 pp33,411 ±1,507 |
| Bachelor's Degree | 16.8% ±1.0 pp19,983 ±1,137 |
| Graduate Degree | 11.5% ±0.9 pp13,669 ±1,039 |
| Universe: Population 25 years and over · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No High School Diploma | 14.8%±1.1 pp17,640±1,255 | 16.2%±0.2 pp985,216±9,877 | ▼ -1.4% | 30/51 |
| High School Diploma or GED | 28.9%±1.4 pp34,433±1,660 | 22.7%±0.2 pp1,378,575±10,971 | ▲ +6.2% | 12/51 |
| Some College or Associate's Degree | 28.0%±1.3 pp33,411±1,507 | 19.5%±0.2 pp1,187,395±9,982 | ▲ +8.5% | 2/51 |
| Bachelor's Degree | 16.8%±1.0 pp19,983±1,137 | 24.0%±0.2 pp1,457,538±10,616 | ▼ -7.2% | 39/51 |
| Graduate Degree | 11.5%±0.9 pp13,669±1,039 | 17.7%±0.1 pp1,076,023±9,067 | ▼ -6.2% | 37/51 |
| Universe: Population 25 years and over · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Population
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Total Population | 178,066 ±5,408 |
| Total Households | 56,672 ±1,344 |
| Population Density | 9,784 ±297 people/sq mi |
| Note: These are American Community Survey 2020–2024 5-year estimates, not 2020 decennial Census counts. The ACS surveys a sample of households over five years, so its population estimate and margin of error can differ from the Census’s April 1, 2020 full count; population change since 2020 and geographic aggregation at split Census geographies can also contribute. Learn more in the methodology. | |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | Average District | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Population | 178,066 | 166,346 | ▲ +11,720 |
| Total Households | 56,672 | 65,374 | ▼ −8,702 |
| Population Density | 9,784 people/sq mi | 43,442 people/sq mi | ▼ −33,658 |
| Note: These are American Community Survey 2020–2024 5-year estimates, not 2020 decennial Census counts. The ACS surveys a sample of households over five years, so its population estimate and margin of error can differ from the Census’s April 1, 2020 full count; population change since 2020 and geographic aggregation at split Census geographies can also contribute. Learn more in the methodology. | |||
| Compared against the average district rather than the citywide total, since population size is dominated by a handful of large districts. Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |||
| Category | 2010–14 | 2015–19 | 2020–24 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Household Size
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average Household Size | 3.03±0.10 |
| 1-Person Households | 24.6% ±1.5 pp13,946 ±854 |
| 2-Person Households | 25.2% ±1.6 pp14,278 ±890 |
| 3-Person Households | 18.3% ±1.7 pp10,381 ±940 |
| 4+ Person Households | 31.9% ±1.8 pp18,068 ±1,011 |
| Universe: Occupied housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Household Size | 3.03±0.10 | 2.48±0.01 | ▲ +0.55 | 6/51 |
| 1-Person Households | 24.6%±1.5 pp13,946±854 | 33.8%±0.2 pp1,127,551±7,153 | ▼ -9.2% | 43/51 |
| 2-Person Households | 25.2%±1.6 pp14,278±890 | 29.2%±0.2 pp973,113±7,405 | ▼ -4.0% | 41/51 |
| 3-Person Households | 18.3%±1.7 pp10,381±940 | 15.8%±0.2 pp525,276±6,441 | ▲ +2.6% | 14/51 |
| 4+ Person Households | 31.9%±1.8 pp18,068±1,011 | 21.2%±0.2 pp708,148±7,215 | ▲ +10.6% | 8/51 |
| Universe: Occupied housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Marital Status
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Never Married | 45.5% ±1.3 pp64,475 ±1,896 |
| Married | 36.1% ±0.9 pp51,069 ±1,286 |
| Separated | 3.6% ±0.5 pp5,053 ±648 |
| Divorced | 9.1% ±0.6 pp12,935 ±898 |
| Widowed | 5.7% ±0.5 pp8,100 ±748 |
| Universe: Population 15 years and over · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Never Married | 45.5%±1.3 pp64,475±1,896 | 44.4%±0.2 pp3,129,101±12,014 | ▲ +1.1% | 25/51 |
| Married | 36.1%±0.9 pp51,069±1,286 | 39.4%±0.2 pp2,779,410±14,799 | ▼ -3.4% | 32/51 |
| Separated | 3.6%±0.5 pp5,053±648 | 2.8%±0.1 pp196,782±4,212 | ▲ +0.8% | 12/51 |
| Divorced | 9.1%±0.6 pp12,935±898 | 8.2%±0.1 pp579,696±7,282 | ▲ +0.9% | 13/51 |
| Widowed | 5.7%±0.5 pp8,100±748 | 5.2%±0.1 pp365,144±5,378 | ▲ +0.5% | 17/51 |
| Universe: Population 15 years and over · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Language Spoken at Home
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Speak English Only | 72.1% ±1.7 pp120,407 ±2,798 |
| Spanish | 14.7% ±1.5 pp24,593 ±2,587 |
| French, Haitian, or Cajun | 5.4% ±0.8 pp8,951 ±1,377 |
| Other Languages | 5.1% ±0.8 pp8,554 ±1,303 |
| Other Indo-European | 1.6% ±0.6 pp2,725 ±955 |
| Russian, Polish, or Other Slavic | 1.0% ±0.3 pp1,694 ±428 |
| Note: The ‘Other Languages’ row includes named language groups with a prevalence below 1% in this district, as well as languages not separately enumerated by the Census Bureau. In historical views, the 1% test uses the most recent release and the same set of rows is shown for every period, so an earlier release may list a group below 1%. See the full list of language categories and what they include. | |
| Universe: Population 5 years and over · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Speak English Only | 72.1%±1.7 pp120,407±2,798 | 52.3%±0.2 pp4,188,207±17,434 | ▲ +19.8% | 7/51 |
| Spanish | 14.7%±1.5 pp24,593±2,587 | 22.6%±0.1 pp1,810,363±9,628 | ▼ -7.9% | 28/51 |
| French, Haitian, or Cajun | 5.4%±0.8 pp8,951±1,377 | 2.4%±0.1 pp188,789±6,199 | ▲ +3.0% | 5/34 |
| Other Languages | 5.1%±0.8 pp8,554±1,303 | 2.0%±0.1 pp163,950±5,580 | ▲ +3.1% | 11/51 |
| Other Indo-European | 1.6%±0.6 pp2,725±955 | 5.6%±0.1 pp450,254±8,868 | ▼ -4.0% | 42/46 |
| Russian, Polish, or Other Slavic | 1.0%±0.3 pp1,694±428 | 3.5%±0.1 pp278,990±6,766 | ▼ -2.5% | 36/36 |
| Note: The ‘Other Languages’ row includes named language groups with a prevalence below 1% in this district, as well as languages not separately enumerated by the Census Bureau. In historical views, the 1% test uses the most recent release and the same set of rows is shown for every period, so an earlier release may list a group below 1%. See the full list of language categories and what they include. | ||||
| Universe: Population 5 years and over · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
English Proficiency
Sub-rows show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Native English Speaker or Speaks English Very Well (of residents age 5+) | 88.2% ±0.8 pp88.2%±0.8 pp146,855 ±1,321 |
| Combined Speaks English Less Than Very Well (of residents age 5+) | 11.8% ±0.9 pp11.8%±0.9 pp19,711 ±1,549 |
| ↳ Speaks English Well (of residents who speak English less than very well) | 5.8% ±0.7 pp49.1%±4.3 pp9,669 ±1,144 |
| ↳ Speaks English Not Well (of residents who speak English less than very well) | 4.4% ±0.6 pp37.4%±3.9 pp7,370 ±970 |
| ↳ Does Not Speak English (of residents who speak English less than very well) | 1.6% ±0.4 pp13.6%±2.8 pp2,672 ±599 |
| Universe: Population 5 years and over · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Native English Speaker or Speaks English Very Well (of residents age 5+) | 88.2%±0.8 pp88.2%±0.8 pp146,855±1,321 | 77.5%±0.3 pp77.5%±0.3 pp6,203,073±25,737 | ▲ +10.6%▲ +10.6% | 11/51 |
| Combined Speaks English Less Than Very Well (of residents age 5+) | 11.8%±0.9 pp11.8%±0.9 pp19,711±1,549 | 22.5%±0.2 pp22.5%±0.2 pp1,798,623±14,477 | ▼ -10.6%▼ -10.6% | 41/51 |
| ↳ Speaks English Well (of residents who speak English less than very well) | 5.8%±0.7 pp49.1%±4.3 pp9,669±1,144 | 10.5%±0.1 pp46.6%±0.4 pp837,369±10,072 | ▼ -4.7%▲ +2.5% | 42/5129/51 |
| ↳ Speaks English Not Well (of residents who speak English less than very well) | 4.4%±0.6 pp37.4%±3.9 pp7,370±970 | 8.3%±0.1 pp36.9%±0.4 pp663,861±8,491 | ▼ -3.9%▲ +0.5% | 37/5118/51 |
| ↳ Does Not Speak English (of residents who speak English less than very well) | 1.6%±0.4 pp13.6%±2.8 pp2,672±599 | 3.7%±0.1 pp16.5%±0.3 pp297,393±6,002 | ▼ -2.1%▼ -3.0% | 38/5126/51 |
| Universe: Population 5 years and over · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Sub-rows show
Household Composition
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Married-Couple Households | 36.6% ±1.9 pp20,722 ±1,091 |
| Unmarried-Couple Households | 4.8% ±0.9 pp2,724 ±506 |
| One-Person Households | 24.6% ±1.8 pp13,946 ±1,017 |
| Other Household Types | 34.0% ±3.7 pp19,280 ±2,106 |
| Note: “Other” includes single-parent households, adult roommates, and multi-generational households without a couple at the head. | |
| Universe: Households · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Married-Couple Households | 36.6%±1.9 pp20,722±1,091 | 35.1%±0.3 pp1,169,910±8,753 | ▲ +1.5% | 25/51 |
| Unmarried-Couple Households | 4.8%±0.9 pp2,724±506 | 6.6%±0.1 pp219,240±4,394 | ▼ -1.8% | 36/51 |
| One-Person Households | 24.6%±1.8 pp13,946±1,017 | 33.8%±0.3 pp1,127,551±8,907 | ▼ -9.2% | 43/51 |
| Other Household Types | 34.0%±3.7 pp19,280±2,106 | 24.5%±0.5 pp817,387±15,302 | ▲ +9.5% | 11/51 |
| Note: “Other” includes single-parent households, adult roommates, and multi-generational households without a couple at the head. | ||||
| Universe: Households · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Children by Household Type
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Children in Married-Couple Households | 52.2% ±4.0 pp22,579 ±1,731 |
| Children in Unmarried-Couple Households | 5.6% ±1.7 pp2,425 ±723 |
| Children in Single-Mother Households | 37.9% ±3.6 pp16,405 ±1,578 |
| Children in Single-Father Households | 4.3% ±1.1 pp1,864 ±469 |
| Note: Children under 18 in households, excluding householders, spouses, and unmarried partners. Household types are classified by the “householder” — typically the person who owns or rents the home. In some circumstances, someone classified as a single parent could have another familial relationship to the child — for instance, a grandmother raising a child alone. Similarly, it is possible that a grandmother is the householder and counted as a single-parent household, while married or cohabiting parents also reside in the home and primarily raise the children. | |
| Universe: Children under 18 years in households · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children in Married-Couple Households | 52.2%±4.0 pp22,579±1,731 | 59.9%±0.5 pp1,019,590±8,419 | ▼ -7.7% | 37/51 |
| Children in Unmarried-Couple Households | 5.6%±1.7 pp2,425±723 | 6.9%±0.3 pp118,173±5,031 | ▼ -1.3% | 33/51 |
| Children in Single-Mother Households | 37.9%±3.6 pp16,405±1,578 | 28.5%±0.5 pp486,058±8,908 | ▲ +9.4% | 14/51 |
| Children in Single-Father Households | 4.3%±1.1 pp1,864±469 | 4.6%±0.3 pp78,845±4,300 | ▼ -0.3% | 31/51 |
| Note: Children under 18 in households, excluding householders, spouses, and unmarried partners. Household types are classified by the “householder” — typically the person who owns or rents the home. In some circumstances, someone classified as a single parent could have another familial relationship to the child — for instance, a grandmother raising a child alone. Similarly, it is possible that a grandmother is the householder and counted as a single-parent household, while married or cohabiting parents also reside in the home and primarily raise the children. | ||||
| Universe: Children under 18 years in households · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Veteran Status
Sub-rows show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Universe: Civilian population 18 years and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Universe: Civilian population 18 years and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Sub-rows show
Immigration
Place of Birth and Citizenship
Sub-rows show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| U.S.-Born Residents (of all residents) | 63.3% ±1.6 pp63.3%±1.6 pp112,773 ±2,919 |
| Foreign-Born Residents (of all residents) | 36.7% ±1.3 pp36.7%±1.3 pp65,293 ±2,332 |
| ↳ Foreign-Born Naturalized Citizens (of foreign-born residents) | 25.3% ±1.1 pp68.9%±1.7 pp44,966 ±1,960 |
| ↳ Foreign-Born Noncitizens (of foreign-born residents) | 11.4% ±1.0 pp31.1%±2.5 pp20,327 ±1,784 |
| Note: A small share of people born abroad to U.S. parents are counted as U.S.-born. | |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| U.S.-Born Residents (of all residents) | 63.3%±1.6 pp63.3%±1.6 pp112,773±2,919 | 63.4%±0.2 pp63.4%±0.2 pp5,377,625±16,754 | ▼ -0.1%▼ -0.1% | 29/51 |
| Foreign-Born Residents (of all residents) | 36.7%±1.3 pp36.7%±1.3 pp65,293±2,332 | 36.6%±0.2 pp36.6%±0.2 pp3,106,219±18,165 | ▲ +0.1%▲ +0.1% | 23/51 |
| ↳ Foreign-Born Naturalized Citizens (of foreign-born residents) | 25.3%±1.1 pp68.9%±1.7 pp44,966±1,960 | 21.5%±0.1 pp58.8%±0.2 pp1,826,604±12,235 | ▲ +3.7%▲ +10.1% | 15/518/51 |
| ↳ Foreign-Born Noncitizens (of foreign-born residents) | 11.4%±1.0 pp31.1%±2.5 pp20,327±1,784 | 15.1%±0.2 pp41.2%±0.4 pp1,279,615±13,426 | ▼ -3.7%▼ -10.1% | 38/5144/51 |
| Note: A small share of people born abroad to U.S. parents are counted as U.S.-born. | ||||
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Sub-rows show
Foreign-Born Residents by Country of Birth
Rows show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Born in Jamaica (of foreign-born residents) | 9.9%±0.9 pp27.0%±2.0 pp17,649±1,581 |
| Born in Guyana (of foreign-born residents) | 4.4%±0.8 pp12.1%±2.0 pp7,895±1,343 |
| Born in Haiti (of foreign-born residents) | 3.4%±0.6 pp9.3%±1.6 pp6,074±1,056 |
| Born in Dominican Republic (of foreign-born residents) | 2.4%±0.6 pp6.5%±1.5 pp4,246±1,018 |
| Born in Trinidad Tobago (of foreign-born residents) | 2.3%±0.4 pp6.4%±1.2 pp4,163±782 |
| Born in Nigeria (of foreign-born residents) | 1.6%±0.4 pp4.5%±0.9 pp2,929±637 |
| Born in El Salvador (of foreign-born residents) | 1.5%±0.5 pp4.1%±1.4 pp2,667±928 |
| Born in other countries (of foreign-born residents) | 10.3%28.2%18,449 |
| Note: Individual countries are shown when they account for at least 1% of the area’s total population. Views of earlier releases apply the same test to every release, so a country that reaches 1% in any of them is shown in all of them. | |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | New York City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Born in Jamaica (of foreign-born residents) | 9.9% ±0.9 pp27.0%±2.0 pp17,649 | 1.9% ±0.1 pp5.2%161,534 | ▲ +8.0%▲ +21.8% | 3/512/51 |
| Born in Guyana (of foreign-born residents) | 4.4% ±0.8 pp12.1%±2.0 pp7,895 | 1.6% ±0.1 pp4.4%137,833 | ▲ +2.8%▲ +7.6% | 5/516/51 |
| Born in Haiti (of foreign-born residents) | 3.4% ±0.6 pp9.3%±1.6 pp6,074 | 1.0% ±0.0 pp2.6%80,889 | ▲ +2.4%▲ +6.7% | 5/515/51 |
| Born in Dominican Republic (of foreign-born residents) | 2.4% ±0.6 pp6.5%±1.5 pp4,246 | 4.7% ±0.1 pp12.9%399,232 | ▼ -2.3%▼ -6.4% | 22/5121/51 |
| Born in Trinidad Tobago (of foreign-born residents) | 2.3% ±0.4 pp6.4%±1.2 pp4,163 | 0.9% ±0.0 pp2.4%75,297 | ▲ +1.4%▲ +3.9% | 7/519/51 |
| Born in Nigeria (of foreign-born residents) | 1.6% ±0.4 pp4.5%±0.9 pp2,929 | 0.3% ±0.0 pp0.8%25,252 | ▲ +1.3%▲ +3.7% | 2/512/51 |
| Born in El Salvador (of foreign-born residents) | 1.5% ±0.5 pp4.1%±1.4 pp2,667 | 0.4% ±0.0 pp1.0%32,139 | ▲ +1.1%▲ +3.0% | 1/511/51 |
| Born in other countries (of foreign-born residents) | 10.3%28.2%18,449 | —— | ||
| Note: Individual countries are shown when they account for at least 1% of the area’s total population. Views of earlier releases apply the same test to every release, so a country that reaches 1% in any of them is shown in all of them. | ||||
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Rows show
Foreign-Born Residents by Year of U.S. Entry
Rows show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Entered the U.S. in 2010 or Later (of foreign-born residents) | 9.2% ±1.1 pp25.1%±2.7 pp16,441 ±1,902 |
| Entered the U.S. From 2000 to 2009 (of foreign-born residents) | 6.9% ±0.7 pp19.0%±1.6 pp12,402 ±1,163 |
| Entered the U.S. From 1990 to 1999 (of foreign-born residents) | 7.7% ±0.6 pp21.1%±1.5 pp13,783 ±1,117 |
| Entered the U.S. Before 1990 (of foreign-born residents) | 12.8% ±0.7 pp34.9%±1.4 pp22,809 ±1,273 |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Entered the U.S. in 2010 or Later (of foreign-born residents) | 9.2%±1.1 pp25.1%±2.7 pp16,441±1,902 | 10.8%±0.1 pp1406.3%±56.2 pp920,255±12,029 | ▼ -1.6%▼ -1381.2% | 34/5140/51 |
| Entered the U.S. From 2000 to 2009 (of foreign-born residents) | 6.9%±0.7 pp19.0%±1.6 pp12,402±1,163 | 7.9%±0.1 pp1024.0%±40.7 pp670,090±8,222 | ▼ -0.9%▼ -1005.1% | 32/5139/51 |
| Entered the U.S. From 1990 to 1999 (of foreign-born residents) | 7.7%±0.6 pp21.1%±1.5 pp13,783±1,117 | 7.8%±0.1 pp1012.4%±40.4 pp662,467±8,585 | ▼ -0.1%▼ -991.3% | 23/5121/51 |
| Entered the U.S. Before 1990 (of foreign-born residents) | 12.8%±0.7 pp34.9%±1.4 pp22,809±1,273 | 10.1%±0.1 pp1304.2%±50.7 pp853,407±7,728 | ▲ +2.7%▼ -1269.3% | 12/517/51 |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| 2010–14 | 2015–19 | 2020–24 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Rows show
Household Income & Poverty
Household Income
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average Household Income | $106,627±$3,885 |
| Per Capita Income | $34,849±$1,043 |
| 10th Percentile Household Income | $12,376±$1,181 |
| 25th Percentile Household Income | $34,992±$3,054 |
| Median Household Income | $84,963±$4,105 |
| 75th Percentile Household Income | $148,657±$5,720 |
| 90th Percentile Household Income | Over $200,000 |
| Note: Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s household income brackets. If a percentile of household income is above $200,000, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over $200,000.” That cutoff has not changed since 2010–14, so it is worth less in later releases: $265,012 in 2024 dollars for 2010–14 and $245,398 for 2015–19. | |
| Universe: Households for household-income measures; total population for per capita income (including people living in group quarters) · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Household Income | $106,627±$3,885 | $129,670±$1,018 | ▼ −$23,044 | 30/51 |
| Per Capita Income | $34,849±$1,043 | $51,844±$373 | ▼ −$16,995 | 36/51 |
| 10th Percentile Household Income | $12,376±$1,181 | $12,518±$130 | ▼ −$142 | 32/51 |
| 25th Percentile Household Income | $34,992±$3,054 | $33,834±$358 | ▲ +$1,158 | 30/51 |
| Median Household Income | $84,963±$4,105 | $80,483±$601 | ▲ +$4,480 | 23/51 |
| 75th Percentile Household Income | $148,657±$5,720 | $158,688±$1,068 | ▼ −$10,031 | 23/51 |
| 90th Percentile Household Income | Over $200,000 | Over $200,000 | — | 1/51 |
| Note: Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s household income brackets. If a percentile of household income is above $200,000, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over $200,000.” That cutoff has not changed since 2010–14, so it is worth less in later releases: $265,012 in 2024 dollars for 2010–14 and $245,398 for 2015–19. | ||||
| Universe: Households for household-income measures; total population for per capita income (including people living in group quarters) · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| 2010–14 | 2015–19 | 2020–24 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Poverty Status
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Below Poverty Line | 16.8% ±1.6 pp29,873 ±2,888 |
| Below 200% Poverty Line | 31.7% ±2.1 pp56,374 ±3,691 |
| Deep Poverty (Below 50%) | 8.6% ±1.1 pp15,255 ±2,017 |
| Note: Poverty status compares a family’s pre-tax cash income with the Census poverty threshold for its family size. For example, in 2024 the threshold for a one-person family was $15,060. See more details on how poverty is defined and measured. | |
| Universe: Civilian noninstitutionalized population (excludes institutionalized group quarters, such as correctional facilities and nursing homes; includes residents of college dorms) · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Below Poverty Line | 16.8%±1.6 pp29,873±2,888 | 17.9%±0.2 pp1,519,224±20,721 | ▼ -1.1% | 27/51 |
| Below 200% Poverty Line | 31.7%±2.1 pp56,374±3,691 | 34.5%±0.3 pp2,925,448±27,916 | ▼ -2.8% | 26/51 |
| Deep Poverty (Below 50%) | 8.6%±1.1 pp15,255±2,017 | 8.8%±0.1 pp744,337±12,220 | ▼ -0.2% | 20/51 |
| Note: Poverty status compares a family’s pre-tax cash income with the Census poverty threshold for its family size. For example, in 2024 the threshold for a one-person family was $15,060. See more details on how poverty is defined and measured. | ||||
| Universe: Civilian noninstitutionalized population (excludes institutionalized group quarters, such as correctional facilities and nursing homes; includes residents of college dorms) · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Material Hardship
Work & Employment
Employment Status, Ages 25–54
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| In Labor Force | 79.6% ±1.5 pp53,425 ±1,009 |
| ↳ Employed | 73.0% ±1.6 pp48,986 ±1,085 |
| ↳ Unemployed | 6.4% ±1.0 pp4,326 ±684 |
| ↳ Unemployment Rate | 8.1% ±1.3 pp— |
| Not in Labor Force | 20.4% ±4.9 pp13,650 ±3,272 |
| Note: “In the Labor Force” counts people who are either employed or unemployed but actively looking for work. “Not in the Labor Force” counts those who are neither working nor looking for work; common reasons include disability, caregiving responsibilities, schooling, and early retirement. The unemployment rate is the share of the labor force (not of all adults) who are looking for work but do not currently have a job. | |
| Universe: Civilian noninstitutionalized population 25 to 54 years old · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| In Labor Force | 79.6%±1.5 pp53,425±1,009 | 83.1%±0.2 pp3,025,923±6,891 | ▼ -3.4% | 39/51 |
| ↳ Employed | 73.0%±1.6 pp48,986±1,085 | 77.0%±0.2 pp2,802,978±7,619 | ▼ -3.9% | 39/51 |
| ↳ Unemployed | 6.4%±1.0 pp4,326±684 | 6.0%±0.1 pp220,209±4,799 | ▲ +0.4% | 17/51 |
| ↳ Unemployment Rate | 8.1%±1.3 pp— | 7.3%±0.2 pp265,303±5,827 | ▲ +0.8% | 16/51 |
| Not in Labor Force | 20.4%±4.9 pp13,650±3,272 | 16.9%±0.7 pp616,353±24,311 | ▲ +3.4% | 13/51 |
| Note: “In the Labor Force” counts people who are either employed or unemployed but actively looking for work. “Not in the Labor Force” counts those who are neither working nor looking for work; common reasons include disability, caregiving responsibilities, schooling, and early retirement. The unemployment rate is the share of the labor force (not of all adults) who are looking for work but do not currently have a job. | ||||
| Universe: Civilian noninstitutionalized population 25 to 54 years old · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Occupation
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Management, Business, Science & Arts | 37.4% ±2.0 pp28,570 ±1,558 |
| ↳ Management Occupations | 8.7% ±1.0 pp6,678 ±747 |
| ↳ Business & Financial Operations | 4.0% ±0.7 pp3,023 ±515 |
| ↳ Computer & Mathematical | 2.5% ±0.6 pp1,879 ±480 |
| ↳ Architecture & Engineering | 0.5% ±0.3 pp417 ±217 |
| ↳ Life, Physical & Social Science | 0.4% ±0.3 pp338 ±224 |
| ↳ Community & Social Service | 3.3% ±0.6 pp2,523 ±463 |
| ↳ Legal Occupations | 1.1% ±0.3 pp833 ±262 |
| ↳ Education, Training & Library | 7.4% ±0.9 pp5,684 ±676 |
| ↳ Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media | 1.2% ±0.4 pp899 ±313 |
| ↳ Health Diagnosing & Treating Practitioners | 5.5% ±0.9 pp4,182 ±713 |
| ↳ Health Technologists & Technicians | 2.8% ±0.6 pp2,116 ±448 |
| Service | 28.2% ±1.9 pp21,513 ±1,457 |
| ↳ Healthcare Support | 12.1% ±1.3 pp9,281 ±1,006 |
| ↳ Protective Service | 4.3% ±0.7 pp3,321 ±514 |
| ↳ Food Preparation & Serving | 3.4% ±0.7 pp2,611 ±557 |
| ↳ Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance | 4.9% ±0.8 pp3,709 ±611 |
| ↳ Personal Care & Service | 3.4% ±0.6 pp2,592 ±477 |
| Sales & Office | 17.1% ±1.5 pp13,063 ±1,144 |
| ↳ Sales & Related | 6.0% ±0.9 pp4,596 ±725 |
| ↳ Office & Administrative Support | 11.1% ±1.2 pp8,467 ±897 |
| Natural Resources, Construction & Maintenance | 6.4% ±0.9 pp4,922 ±710 |
| ↳ Farming, Fishing & Forestry | 0.1% ±0.2 pp77 ±165 |
| ↳ Construction & Extraction | 3.9% ±0.8 pp3,016 ±581 |
| ↳ Installation, Maintenance & Repair | 2.4% ±0.6 pp1,829 ±455 |
| Production, Transportation & Material Moving | 10.9% ±1.1 pp8,326 ±813 |
| ↳ Production Occupations | 1.6% ±0.5 pp1,248 ±353 |
| ↳ Transportation Occupations | 6.5% ±0.8 pp4,964 ±633 |
| ↳ Material Moving Occupations | 2.8% ±0.5 pp2,114 ±399 |
| Note: Occupation categories follow the Bureau of Labor Statistics Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See the full listing of occupations in each category. | |
| Universe: Civilian employed population 16 years and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Management, Business, Science & Arts | 37.4%±2.0 pp28,570±1,558 | 46.8%±0.2 pp1,890,325±9,809 | ▼ -9.4% | 36/51 |
| ↳ Management Occupations | 8.7%±1.0 pp6,678±747 | 11.5%±0.2 pp464,430±6,193 | ▼ -2.8% | 32/51 |
| ↳ Business & Financial Operations | 4.0%±0.7 pp3,023±515 | 7.1%±0.1 pp284,944±5,312 | ▼ -3.1% | 41/51 |
| ↳ Computer & Mathematical | 2.5%±0.6 pp1,879±480 | 4.1%±0.1 pp164,705±4,099 | ▼ -1.6% | 39/51 |
| ↳ Architecture & Engineering | 0.5%±0.3 pp417±217 | 1.3%±0.1 pp52,049±2,102 | ▼ -0.7% | 45/51 |
| ↳ Life, Physical & Social Science | 0.4%±0.3 pp338±224 | 1.3%±0.1 pp50,498±2,300 | ▼ -0.8% | 43/51 |
| ↳ Community & Social Service | 3.3%±0.6 pp2,523±463 | 2.1%±0.1 pp86,512±2,525 | ▲ +1.2% | 6/51 |
| ↳ Legal Occupations | 1.1%±0.3 pp833±262 | 2.3%±0.1 pp92,045±2,992 | ▼ -1.2% | 36/51 |
| ↳ Education, Training & Library | 7.4%±0.9 pp5,684±676 | 6.8%±0.1 pp274,726±5,016 | ▲ +0.6% | 15/51 |
| ↳ Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media | 1.2%±0.4 pp899±313 | 4.7%±0.1 pp191,632±4,484 | ▼ -3.6% | 46/51 |
| ↳ Health Diagnosing & Treating Practitioners | 5.5%±0.9 pp4,182±713 | 4.1%±0.1 pp166,568±3,540 | ▲ +1.4% | 11/51 |
| ↳ Health Technologists & Technicians | 2.8%±0.6 pp2,116±448 | 1.5%±0.1 pp62,216±2,523 | ▲ +1.2% | 3/51 |
| Service | 28.2%±1.9 pp21,513±1,457 | 21.5%±0.2 pp867,303±8,740 | ▲ +6.7% | 14/51 |
| ↳ Healthcare Support | 12.1%±1.3 pp9,281±1,006 | 7.0%±0.1 pp282,354±5,195 | ▲ +5.2% | 9/51 |
| ↳ Protective Service | 4.3%±0.7 pp3,321±514 | 2.7%±0.1 pp110,453±3,182 | ▲ +1.6% | 11/51 |
| ↳ Food Preparation & Serving | 3.4%±0.7 pp2,611±557 | 4.8%±0.1 pp195,458±4,512 | ▼ -1.4% | 36/51 |
| ↳ Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance | 4.9%±0.8 pp3,709±611 | 3.7%±0.1 pp149,490±3,611 | ▲ +1.2% | 15/51 |
| ↳ Personal Care & Service | 3.4%±0.6 pp2,592±477 | 3.2%±0.1 pp129,548±3,504 | ▲ +0.2% | 23/51 |
| Sales & Office | 17.1%±1.5 pp13,063±1,144 | 17.7%±0.2 pp713,461±6,825 | ▼ -0.6% | 32/51 |
| ↳ Sales & Related | 6.0%±0.9 pp4,596±725 | 7.8%±0.1 pp315,484±4,868 | ▼ -1.8% | 50/51 |
| ↳ Office & Administrative Support | 11.1%±1.2 pp8,467±897 | 9.9%±0.1 pp397,977±5,527 | ▲ +1.2% | 17/51 |
| Natural Resources, Construction & Maintenance | 6.4%±0.9 pp4,922±710 | 5.4%±0.1 pp218,607±4,563 | ▲ +1.0% | 22/51 |
| ↳ Farming, Fishing & Forestry | 0.1%±0.2 pp77±165 | 0.1%±0.0 pp2,694±556 | 0% | 11/51 |
| ↳ Construction & Extraction | 3.9%±0.8 pp3,016±581 | 3.8%±0.1 pp153,142±3,874 | ▲ +0.2% | 28/51 |
| ↳ Installation, Maintenance & Repair | 2.4%±0.6 pp1,829±455 | 1.6%±0.1 pp62,771±2,391 | ▲ +0.8% | 6/51 |
| Production, Transportation & Material Moving | 10.9%±1.1 pp8,326±813 | 8.7%±0.1 pp349,540±5,518 | ▲ +2.2% | 17/51 |
| ↳ Production Occupations | 1.6%±0.5 pp1,248±353 | 2.1%±0.1 pp83,338±2,926 | ▼ -0.4% | 38/51 |
| ↳ Transportation Occupations | 6.5%±0.8 pp4,964±633 | 4.5%±0.1 pp179,989±4,460 | ▲ +2.0% | 11/51 |
| ↳ Material Moving Occupations | 2.8%±0.5 pp2,114±399 | 2.1%±0.1 pp86,213±2,602 | ▲ +0.6% | 14/51 |
| Note: Occupation categories follow the Bureau of Labor Statistics Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See the full listing of occupations in each category. | ||||
| Universe: Civilian employed population 16 years and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Industry of Employment
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Mining | 0.1% ±0.2 pp68 ±164 |
| ↳ Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting | 0.1% ±0.2 pp68 ±164 |
| ↳ Mining, Quarrying & Oil and Gas Extraction | 0.0% ±0.2 pp0 |
| Construction | 4.7% ±0.8 pp3,593 ±626 |
| Manufacturing | 1.6% ±0.4 pp1,212 ±314 |
| Wholesale Trade | 0.7% ±0.3 pp554 ±223 |
| Retail Trade | 7.0% ±0.9 pp5,340 ±669 |
| Transportation, Warehousing & Utilities | 10.2% ±1.0 pp7,787 ±738 |
| ↳ Transportation & Warehousing | 9.8% ±0.9 pp7,456 ±718 |
| ↳ Utilities | 0.4% ±0.3 pp331 ±225 |
| Information | 1.7% ±0.4 pp1,321 ±322 |
| Finance, Insurance & Real Estate | 6.7% ±0.9 pp5,123 ±726 |
| ↳ Finance & Insurance | 4.0% ±0.7 pp3,060 ±511 |
| ↳ Real Estate & Rental and Leasing | 2.7% ±0.7 pp2,063 ±537 |
| Professional, Scientific & Management Services | 9.5% ±1.0 pp7,220 ±778 |
| ↳ Professional, Scientific & Technical Services | 4.5% ±0.7 pp3,459 ±537 |
| ↳ Management of Companies & Enterprises | 0.1% ±0.2 pp86 ±180 |
| ↳ Administrative, Support & Waste Management Services | 4.8% ±0.8 pp3,675 ±603 |
| Education, Health Care & Social Assistance | 41.0% ±1.7 pp31,321 ±1,272 |
| ↳ Educational Services | 10.7% ±1.0 pp8,139 ±744 |
| ↳ Health Care & Social Assistance | 30.3% ±1.7 pp23,182 ±1,286 |
| Arts, Entertainment, Recreation & Food Services | 5.6% ±0.9 pp4,308 ±664 |
| ↳ Arts, Entertainment & Recreation | 1.3% ±0.4 pp957 ±319 |
| ↳ Accommodation & Food Services | 4.4% ±0.8 pp3,350 ±600 |
| Other Services | 5.1% ±0.8 pp3,927 ±590 |
| Public Administration | 6.0% ±0.7 pp4,621 ±549 |
| Note: Industry categories follow the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). See the full listing of industries in each category. | |
| Universe: Civilian employed population 16 years and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Mining | 0.1%±0.2 pp68±164 | 0.1%±0.0 pp— | 0% | 23/51 |
| ↳ Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting | 0.1%±0.2 pp68±164 | 0.1%±0.0 pp— | 0% | 21/51 |
| ↳ Mining, Quarrying & Oil and Gas Extraction | 0.0%±0.2 pp0 | 0.0%±0.0 pp— | 0% | 14/51 |
| Construction | 4.7%±0.8 pp3,593±626 | 4.9%±0.1 pp— | ▼ -0.2% | 32/51 |
| Manufacturing | 1.6%±0.4 pp1,212±314 | 2.9%±0.1 pp— | ▼ -1.3% | 50/51 |
| Wholesale Trade | 0.7%±0.3 pp554±223 | 1.6%±0.1 pp— | ▼ -0.9% | 51/51 |
| Retail Trade | 7.0%±0.9 pp5,340±669 | 8.5%±0.1 pp— | ▼ -1.5% | 43/51 |
| Transportation, Warehousing & Utilities | 10.2%±1.0 pp7,787±738 | 6.6%±0.1 pp— | ▲ +3.6% | 4/51 |
| ↳ Transportation & Warehousing | 9.8%±0.9 pp7,456±718 | 6.2%±0.1 pp— | ▲ +3.5% | 5/51 |
| ↳ Utilities | 0.4%±0.3 pp331±225 | 0.4%±0.0 pp— | ▲ +0.1% | 16/51 |
| Information | 1.7%±0.4 pp1,321±322 | 3.8%±0.1 pp— | ▼ -2.0% | 41/51 |
| Finance, Insurance & Real Estate | 6.7%±0.9 pp5,123±726 | 9.2%±0.1 pp— | ▼ -2.5% | 34/51 |
| ↳ Finance & Insurance | 4.0%±0.7 pp3,060±511 | 6.6%±0.1 pp— | ▼ -2.6% | 35/51 |
| ↳ Real Estate & Rental and Leasing | 2.7%±0.7 pp2,063±537 | 2.6%±0.1 pp— | ▲ +0.1% | 24/51 |
| Professional, Scientific & Management Services | 9.5%±1.0 pp7,220±778 | 15.4%±0.2 pp— | ▼ -6.0% | 48/51 |
| ↳ Professional, Scientific & Technical Services | 4.5%±0.7 pp3,459±537 | 11.1%±0.2 pp— | ▼ -6.6% | 41/51 |
| ↳ Management of Companies & Enterprises | 0.1%±0.2 pp86±180 | 0.1%±0.0 pp— | 0% | 24/51 |
| ↳ Administrative, Support & Waste Management Services | 4.8%±0.8 pp3,675±603 | 4.2%±0.1 pp— | ▲ +0.7% | 15/51 |
| Education, Health Care & Social Assistance | 41.0%±1.7 pp31,321±1,272 | 29.0%±0.2 pp— | ▲ +12.0% | 2/51 |
| ↳ Educational Services | 10.7%±1.0 pp8,139±744 | 9.9%±0.1 pp— | ▲ +0.7% | 18/51 |
| ↳ Health Care & Social Assistance | 30.3%±1.7 pp23,182±1,286 | 19.0%±0.2 pp— | ▲ +11.3% | 2/51 |
| Arts, Entertainment, Recreation & Food Services | 5.6%±0.9 pp4,308±664 | 9.0%±0.2 pp— | ▼ -3.4% | 47/51 |
| ↳ Arts, Entertainment & Recreation | 1.3%±0.4 pp957±319 | 2.7%±0.1 pp— | ▼ -1.4% | 43/51 |
| ↳ Accommodation & Food Services | 4.4%±0.8 pp3,350±600 | 6.4%±0.1 pp— | ▼ -2.0% | 40/51 |
| Other Services | 5.1%±0.8 pp3,927±590 | 5.1%±0.1 pp— | 0% | 24/51 |
| Public Administration | 6.0%±0.7 pp4,621±549 | 4.0%±0.1 pp— | ▲ +2.1% | 3/51 |
| Note: Industry categories follow the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). See the full listing of industries in each category. | ||||
| Universe: Civilian employed population 16 years and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Class of Worker
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Private Company Employee | 59.8% ±1.7 pp45,685 ±1,276 |
| Self-Employed | 6.9% ±1.0 pp5,302 ±801 |
| Nonprofit | 12.9% ±1.1 pp9,849 ±835 |
| Government | 20.2% ±1.2 pp15,410 ±925 |
| Unpaid Family Worker | 0.2% ±0.2 pp150 ±181 |
| Note: Unpaid family workers are people who worked without pay in a family member’s business, farm, or professional practice. This category does not include other roles such as stay at home parents. | |
| Universe: Civilian employed population 16 years and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Private Company Employee | 59.8%±1.7 pp45,685±1,276 | 65.4%±0.2 pp2,642,994±8,903 | ▼ -5.6% | 43/51 |
| Self-Employed | 6.9%±1.0 pp5,302±801 | 10.0%±0.2 pp403,189±6,080 | ▼ -3.0% | 44/51 |
| Nonprofit | 12.9%±1.1 pp9,849±835 | 12.0%±0.2 pp482,857±7,067 | ▲ +0.9% | 15/51 |
| Government | 20.2%±1.2 pp15,410±925 | 13.8%±0.2 pp558,187±6,571 | ▲ +6.4% | 8/51 |
| Unpaid Family Worker | 0.2%±0.2 pp150±181 | 0.2%±0.0 pp7,290±803 | 0% | 22/51 |
| Note: Unpaid family workers are people who worked without pay in a family member’s business, farm, or professional practice. This category does not include other roles such as stay at home parents. | ||||
| Universe: Civilian employed population 16 years and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Full-Time vs. Part-Time Work
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Full-Time, Year-Round | 66.7% ±1.5 pp56,666 ±1,242 |
| Part-Time or Part-Year | 33.3% ±1.6 pp28,235 ±1,363 |
| Note: ‘Full-time, year-round’ means usually working 35 or more hours per week for 50 or more weeks in the past 12 months. Shares are calculated among workers who reported earnings; people with no earnings are excluded. | |
| Universe: Workers 16 years and over with earnings · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full-Time, Year-Round | 66.7%±1.5 pp56,666±1,242 | 65.3%±0.1 pp2,900,743±5,261 | ▲ +1.5% | 23/51 |
| Part-Time or Part-Year | 33.3%±1.6 pp28,235±1,363 | 34.7%±0.2 pp1,544,621±9,329 | ▼ -1.5% | 29/51 |
| Note: ‘Full-time, year-round’ means usually working 35 or more hours per week for 50 or more weeks in the past 12 months. Shares are calculated among workers who reported earnings; people with no earnings are excluded. | ||||
| Universe: Workers 16 years and over with earnings · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Earnings of Full-Time, Year-Round Workers
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average FT Earnings | $74,636±$2,734 |
| 10th Percentile FT Earnings | $28,273±$1,781 |
| 25th Percentile FT Earnings | $40,762±$1,364 |
| Median FT Earnings | $60,561±$1,893 |
| 75th Percentile FT Earnings | $93,842±$2,562 |
| 90th Percentile FT Earnings | Over $100,000 |
| Note: ‘Full-time, year-round’ means usually working 35 or more hours per week for 50 or more weeks in the past 12 months. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s earnings brackets among workers who reported earnings. If a percentile of earnings is above $100,000, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over $100,000.” That cutoff has not changed since 2010–14, so it is worth less in later releases: $132,506 in 2024 dollars for 2010–14 and $122,699 for 2015–19. | |
| Universe: Full-time, year-round workers 16 years and over with earnings · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average FT Earnings | $74,636±$2,734 | $107,682±$955 | ▼ −$33,046 | 35/51 |
| 10th Percentile FT Earnings | $28,273±$1,781 | $28,861±$254 | ▼ −$588 | 30/51 |
| 25th Percentile FT Earnings | $40,762±$1,364 | $43,800±$228 | ▼ −$3,037 | 30/51 |
| Median FT Earnings | $60,561±$1,893 | $71,652±$349 | ▼ −$11,091 | 35/51 |
| 75th Percentile FT Earnings | $93,842±$2,562 | Over $100,000 | ▼ −$6,158+ | 35/51 |
| 90th Percentile FT Earnings | Over $100,000 | Over $100,000 | — | 1/51 |
| Note: ‘Full-time, year-round’ means usually working 35 or more hours per week for 50 or more weeks in the past 12 months. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s earnings brackets among workers who reported earnings. If a percentile of earnings is above $100,000, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over $100,000.” That cutoff has not changed since 2010–14, so it is worth less in later releases: $132,506 in 2024 dollars for 2010–14 and $122,699 for 2015–19. | ||||
| Universe: Full-time, year-round workers 16 years and over with earnings · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| 2010–14 | 2015–19 | 2020–24 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Earnings of Part-Time or Part-Year Workers
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average PT Earnings | $29,333±$2,891 |
| 10th Percentile PT Earnings | $2,168±$370 |
| 25th Percentile PT Earnings | $7,803±$1,110 |
| Median PT Earnings | $18,800±$1,105 |
| 75th Percentile PT Earnings | $34,883±$3,472 |
| 90th Percentile PT Earnings | $63,705±$6,990 |
| Note: ‘Part-time or part-year’ includes everyone who did not work full-time, year-round—those who usually worked fewer than 35 hours per week or fewer than 50 weeks during the year. Weeks with paid vacation or paid sick leave count as weeks worked. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s earnings brackets among workers who reported earnings. If a percentile of earnings is above $100,000, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over $100,000.” That cutoff has not changed since 2010–14, so it is worth less in later releases: $132,506 in 2024 dollars for 2010–14 and $122,699 for 2015–19. | |
| Universe: Workers 16 years and over with earnings (part-time or part-year) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average PT Earnings | $29,333±$2,891 | $35,964±$504 | ▼ −$6,632 | 36/51 |
| 10th Percentile PT Earnings | $2,168±$370 | $2,449±$60 | ▼ −$280 | 37/51 |
| 25th Percentile PT Earnings | $7,803±$1,110 | $8,354±$178 | ▼ −$550 | 32/51 |
| Median PT Earnings | $18,800±$1,105 | $20,493±$187 | ▼ −$1,693 | 34/51 |
| 75th Percentile PT Earnings | $34,883±$3,472 | $39,424±$445 | ▼ −$4,541 | 32/51 |
| 90th Percentile PT Earnings | $63,705±$6,990 | $78,631±$1,357 | ▼ −$14,926 | 37/51 |
| Note: ‘Part-time or part-year’ includes everyone who did not work full-time, year-round—those who usually worked fewer than 35 hours per week or fewer than 50 weeks during the year. Weeks with paid vacation or paid sick leave count as weeks worked. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s earnings brackets among workers who reported earnings. If a percentile of earnings is above $100,000, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over $100,000.” That cutoff has not changed since 2010–14, so it is worth less in later releases: $132,506 in 2024 dollars for 2010–14 and $122,699 for 2015–19. | ||||
| Universe: Workers 16 years and over with earnings (part-time or part-year) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| 2010–14 | 2015–19 | 2020–24 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Earnings of All Workers
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average Earnings | $59,630±$1,923 |
| 10th Percentile Earnings | $8,914±$1,186 |
| 25th Percentile Earnings | $24,045±$1,577 |
| Median Earnings | $47,010±$1,545 |
| 75th Percentile Earnings | $78,792±$2,914 |
| 90th Percentile Earnings | Over $100,000 |
| Note: Includes all workers who reported earnings in the past 12 months, regardless of full-time or part-time/part-year work status. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s earnings brackets among workers who reported earnings. If a percentile of earnings is above $100,000, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over $100,000.” That cutoff has not changed since 2010–14, so it is worth less in later releases: $132,506 in 2024 dollars for 2010–14 and $122,699 for 2015–19. | |
| Universe: Workers 16 years and over with earnings · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Earnings | $59,630±$1,923 | $82,762±$684 | ▼ −$23,132 | 34/51 |
| 10th Percentile Earnings | $8,914±$1,186 | $9,126±$169 | ▼ −$213 | 32/51 |
| 25th Percentile Earnings | $24,045±$1,577 | $24,699±$185 | ▼ −$654 | 27/51 |
| Median Earnings | $47,010±$1,545 | $51,594±$290 | ▼ −$4,584 | 32/51 |
| 75th Percentile Earnings | $78,792±$2,914 | $96,947±$402 | ▼ −$18,155 | 33/51 |
| 90th Percentile Earnings | Over $100,000 | Over $100,000 | — | 1/51 |
| Note: Includes all workers who reported earnings in the past 12 months, regardless of full-time or part-time/part-year work status. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s earnings brackets among workers who reported earnings. If a percentile of earnings is above $100,000, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over $100,000.” That cutoff has not changed since 2010–14, so it is worth less in later releases: $132,506 in 2024 dollars for 2010–14 and $122,699 for 2015–19. | ||||
| Universe: Workers 16 years and over with earnings · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| 2010–14 | 2015–19 | 2020–24 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Economic Mobility
Local Businesses
Jobs in District 31
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| All jobs located in district 31 | 59,377 |
| District 31 jobs held by District 31 residents | 8.5% |
| District 31 jobs held by non-District 31 residents | 91.5% |
| Employed residents working in District 31 | 8.9% |
| Employed residents working outside District 31 | 91.1% |
| Universe: LODES-covered wage-and-salary jobs located in, or primary jobs held by residents of, this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | |
| Category | District 31 | New York City district median | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All jobs located in district 31 | 59,377 | 48,446 | ▲ +10,931 | 20/51 |
| District 31 jobs held by District 31 residents | 8.5% | 8.1% | ▲ +0.4 pp | 24/51 |
| District 31 jobs held by non-District 31 residents | 91.5% | 91.9% | ▼ −0.4 pp | 28/51 |
| Employed residents working in District 31 | 8.9% | 6.2% | ▲ +2.7 pp | 13/51 |
| Employed residents working outside District 31 | 91.1% | 93.8% | ▼ −2.7 pp | 39/51 |
| Universe: LODES-covered wage-and-salary jobs located in, or primary jobs held by residents of, this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | ||||
| 2014 | 2019 | 2023 | 2014 → 20232019 → 20232014 → 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Industry of Jobs in District 31
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Mining | 0.0%26 |
| ↳ Mining, Quarrying & Oil and Gas Extraction | 0.0%0 |
| Construction | 1.6%979 |
| Manufacturing | 1.1%629 |
| Wholesale Trade | 0.8%474 |
| Retail Trade | 4.3%2,578 |
| Transportation, Warehousing & Utilities | 48.5%28,810 |
| ↳ Utilities | 0.2%138 |
| ↳ Transportation & Warehousing | 48.3%28,672 |
| Information | 0.4%239 |
| Finance, Insurance & Real Estate | 2.0%1,210 |
| ↳ Finance & Insurance | 0.3%161 |
| ↳ Real Estate & Rental and Leasing | 1.8%1,049 |
| Professional, Scientific & Management Services | 6.3%3,739 |
| ↳ Professional, Scientific & Technical Services | 1.2%702 |
| ↳ Management of Companies & Enterprises | 0.3%164 |
| ↳ Administrative, Support & Waste Management Services | 4.8%2,873 |
| Education, Health Care & Social Assistance | 20.6%12,253 |
| ↳ Educational Services | 6.4%3,776 |
| ↳ Health Care & Social Assistance | 14.3%8,477 |
| Arts, Entertainment, Recreation & Food Services | 7.5%4,468 |
| ↳ Arts, Entertainment & Recreation | 0.1%47 |
| ↳ Accommodation & Food Services | 7.4%4,421 |
| Other Services | 3.1%1,833 |
| Public Administration | 3.6%2,139 |
| Note: Industry categories follow the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). See the full listing of industries in each category. The estimates are administrative data and do not have margins of error. | |
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Mining | 0.0%26 | 0.0%648 | 0% | 4/51 |
| ↳ Mining, Quarrying & Oil and Gas Extraction | 0.0%0 | 0.0%83 | 0% | 17/51 |
| Construction | 1.6%979 | 3.1%140,703 | ▼ -1.4% | 43/51 |
| Manufacturing | 1.1%629 | 1.2%56,950 | ▼ -0.2% | 24/51 |
| Wholesale Trade | 0.8%474 | 3.0%138,545 | ▼ -2.2% | 40/51 |
| Retail Trade | 4.3%2,578 | 6.6%301,351 | ▼ -2.2% | 50/51 |
| Transportation, Warehousing & Utilities | 48.5%28,810 | 3.4%156,653 | ▲ +45.1% | 1/51 |
| ↳ Utilities | 0.2%138 | 0.4%16,267 | ▼ -0.1% | 12/51 |
| ↳ Transportation & Warehousing | 48.3%28,672 | 3.1%140,386 | ▲ +45.2% | 1/51 |
| Information | 0.4%239 | 5.5%251,789 | ▼ -5.1% | 37/51 |
| Finance, Insurance & Real Estate | 2.0%1,210 | 11.0%504,042 | ▼ -9.0% | 50/51 |
| ↳ Finance & Insurance | 0.3%161 | 8.0%366,524 | ▼ -7.7% | 50/51 |
| ↳ Real Estate & Rental and Leasing | 1.8%1,049 | 3.0%137,518 | ▼ -1.2% | 39/51 |
| Professional, Scientific & Management Services | 6.3%3,739 | 17.4%798,920 | ▼ -11.1% | 34/51 |
| ↳ Professional, Scientific & Technical Services | 1.2%702 | 9.9%453,191 | ▼ -8.7% | 46/51 |
| ↳ Management of Companies & Enterprises | 0.3%164 | 1.7%78,862 | ▼ -1.4% | 33/51 |
| ↳ Administrative, Support & Waste Management Services | 4.8%2,873 | 5.8%266,867 | ▼ -1.0% | 14/51 |
| Education, Health Care & Social Assistance | 20.6%12,253 | 30.7%1,405,857 | ▼ -10.1% | 44/51 |
| ↳ Educational Services | 6.4%3,776 | 9.6%439,969 | ▼ -3.2% | 43/51 |
| ↳ Health Care & Social Assistance | 14.3%8,477 | 21.1%965,888 | ▼ -6.8% | 40/51 |
| Arts, Entertainment, Recreation & Food Services | 7.5%4,468 | 9.1%419,074 | ▼ -1.6% | 26/51 |
| ↳ Arts, Entertainment & Recreation | 0.1%47 | 1.9%88,426 | ▼ -1.9% | 50/51 |
| ↳ Accommodation & Food Services | 7.4%4,421 | 7.2%330,648 | ▲ +0.2% | 20/51 |
| Other Services | 3.1%1,833 | 3.6%164,107 | ▼ -0.5% | 30/51 |
| Public Administration | 3.6%2,139 | 5.3%242,112 | ▼ -1.7% | 31/51 |
| Note: Industry categories follow the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). See the full listing of industries in each category. The estimates are administrative data and do not have margins of error. | ||||
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | ||||
| 2014 | 2019 | 2023 | 2014 → 20232019 → 20232014 → 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Earnings of Jobs in District 31
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Jobs paying $15,000/year or less | 11.5%6,831 |
| Jobs paying $15,001–$40,000/year | 27.9%16,548 |
| Jobs paying more than $40,000/year | 60.6%35,998 |
| Note: LODES reports earnings in monthly bands; they are shown here as annual amounts. The bands use nominal dollars for each LODES release, including earlier periods. The estimates are administrative data and do not have margins of error. | |
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jobs paying $15,000/year or less | 11.5%6,831 | 14.0%639,894 | ▼ -2.5% | 46/51 |
| Jobs paying $15,001–$40,000/year | 27.9%16,548 | 22.1%1,013,973 | ▲ +5.7% | 25/51 |
| Jobs paying more than $40,000/year | 60.6%35,998 | 63.9%2,926,884 | ▼ -3.3% | 19/51 |
| Note: LODES reports earnings in monthly bands; they are shown here as annual amounts. The bands use nominal dollars for each LODES release, including earlier periods. The estimates are administrative data and do not have margins of error. | ||||
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | ||||
| 2014 | 2019 | 2023 | 2014 → 20232019 → 20232014 → 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Jobs in District 31 by Firm Age
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Firm age: 0–1 years | 1.7%884 |
| Firm age: 2–3 years | 1.7%925 |
| Firm age: 4–5 years | 4.9%2,602 |
| Firm age: 6–10 years | 5.9%3,146 |
| Firm age: 11 or more years | 85.9%46,009 |
| Note: Firm-age categories apply only to private-sector jobs. Firm age reflects the employer as a whole, not the age of an individual local worksite. The estimates are administrative data and do not have margins of error. | |
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firm age: 0–1 years | 1.7%884 | 2.8%112,510 | ▼ -1.1% | 49/51 |
| Firm age: 2–3 years | 1.7%925 | 3.5%142,058 | ▼ -1.8% | 51/51 |
| Firm age: 4–5 years | 4.9%2,602 | 5.3%213,992 | ▼ -0.4% | 30/51 |
| Firm age: 6–10 years | 5.9%3,146 | 11.0%445,885 | ▼ -5.2% | 47/51 |
| Firm age: 11 or more years | 85.9%46,009 | 77.4%3,125,473 | ▲ +8.5% | 6/51 |
| Note: Firm-age categories apply only to private-sector jobs. Firm age reflects the employer as a whole, not the age of an individual local worksite. The estimates are administrative data and do not have margins of error. | ||||
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | ||||
| 2014 | 2019 | 2023 | 2014 → 20232019 → 20232014 → 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Jobs in District 31 by Firm Size
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Firm size: 0–19 employees | 10.5%5,636 |
| Firm size: 20–49 employees | 4.7%2,499 |
| Firm size: 50–249 employees | 12.6%6,730 |
| Firm size: 250–499 employees | 6.2%3,316 |
| Firm size: 500 or more employees | 66.1%35,385 |
| Note: Firm size reflects the employer’s total workforce across all U.S. locations, if relevant, rather than the number of workers at a particular local worksite. The estimates are administrative data and do not have margins of error. | |
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firm size: 0–19 employees | 10.5%5,636 | 15.8%639,979 | ▼ -5.3% | 49/51 |
| Firm size: 20–49 employees | 4.7%2,499 | 6.9%276,963 | ▼ -2.2% | 51/51 |
| Firm size: 50–249 employees | 12.6%6,730 | 12.0%486,372 | ▲ +0.5% | 27/51 |
| Firm size: 250–499 employees | 6.2%3,316 | 6.3%254,510 | ▼ -0.1% | 29/51 |
| Firm size: 500 or more employees | 66.1%35,385 | 59.0%2,382,094 | ▲ +7.1% | 5/51 |
| Note: Firm size reflects the employer’s total workforce across all U.S. locations, if relevant, rather than the number of workers at a particular local worksite. The estimates are administrative data and do not have margins of error. | ||||
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | ||||
| 2014 | 2019 | 2023 | 2014 → 20232019 → 20232014 → 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Students
K-12 School Enrollment
Sub-rows show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Enrolled in K-12 School (of all residents) | 17.5% ±1.0 pp17.5%±1.0 pp31,070 ±1,699 |
| ↳ Public School (of K–12 enrollees) | 75.7% ±2.4 pp13.2%±0.4 pp23,509 ±747 |
| ↳ Private School (of K–12 enrollees) | 24.3% ±2.9 pp4.2%±0.5 pp7,560 ±913 |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enrolled in K-12 School (of all residents) | 17.5%±1.0 pp17.5%±1.0 pp31,070±1,699 | 14.0%±0.1 pp14.0%±0.1 pp1,190,423±8,341 | ▲ +3.4%▲ +3.4% | 5/51 |
| ↳ Public School (of K–12 enrollees) | 75.7%±2.4 pp13.2%±0.4 pp23,509±747 | 80.3%±0.2 pp11.3%±0.0 pp955,733±2,345 | ▼ -4.6%▲ +1.9% | 37/5116/51 |
| ↳ Private School (of K–12 enrollees) | 24.3%±2.9 pp4.2%±0.5 pp7,560±913 | 19.7%±0.3 pp2.8%±0.0 pp234,690±4,066 | ▲ +4.6%▲ +1.5% | 15/514/51 |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Sub-rows show
College Enrollment
Sub-rows show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Enrolled in College or Graduate School (of all residents) | 6.6% ±0.6 pp6.6%±0.6 pp11,710 ±1,028 |
| ↳ Public College or University (of college enrollees) | 63.3% ±4.3 pp4.2%±0.3 pp7,418 ±501 |
| ↳ Private College or University (of college enrollees) | 36.7% ±4.7 pp2.4%±0.3 pp4,292 ±546 |
| ↳ Undergraduate College (of college enrollees) | 83.0% ±4.6 pp5.5%±0.3 pp9,719 ±541 |
| ↳ Graduate or Professional School (of college enrollees) | 17.0% ±3.2 pp1.1%±0.2 pp1,991 ±375 |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enrolled in College or Graduate School (of all residents) | 6.6%±0.6 pp6.6%±0.6 pp11,710±1,028 | 7.0%±0.1 pp7.0%±0.1 pp591,973±6,960 | ▼ -0.4%▼ -0.4% | 25/51 |
| ↳ Public College or University (of college enrollees) | 63.3%±4.3 pp4.2%±0.3 pp7,418±501 | 55.1%±0.6 pp3.8%±0.0 pp325,956±3,793 | ▲ +8.3%▲ +0.3% | 25/5125/51 |
| ↳ Private College or University (of college enrollees) | 36.7%±4.7 pp2.4%±0.3 pp4,292±546 | 44.9%±0.5 pp3.1%±0.0 pp266,017±3,096 | ▼ -8.3%▼ -0.7% | 27/5128/51 |
| ↳ Undergraduate College (of college enrollees) | 83.0%±4.6 pp5.5%±0.3 pp9,719±541 | 72.3%±0.3 pp5.0%±0.0 pp427,805±1,929 | ▲ +10.7%▲ +0.4% | 6/5114/51 |
| ↳ Graduate or Professional School (of college enrollees) | 17.0%±3.2 pp1.1%±0.2 pp1,991±375 | 27.7%±0.6 pp1.9%±0.0 pp164,168±3,450 | ▼ -10.7%▼ -0.8% | 46/5144/51 |
| Universe: Total population · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Sub-rows show
Student Digital Access
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| K–12 Students Without a Computer and/or Internet | 4.4% ±1.5 pp1,532 ±517 |
| College Students Without a Computer and/or Internet | 6.5% ±2.3 pp748 ±269 |
| Universe: K-12 row — students enrolled in Pre-K through 12th grade; College row — students enrolled in college or graduate school · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| K–12 Students Without a Computer and/or Internet | 4.4%±1.5 pp1,532±517 | 7.1%±0.3 pp— | ▼ -2.8% | 26/51 |
| College Students Without a Computer and/or Internet | 6.5%±2.3 pp748±269 | 5.5%±0.3 pp— | ▲ +1.0% | 13/51 |
| Universe: K-12 row — students enrolled in Pre-K through 12th grade; College row — students enrolled in college or graduate school · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Housing Stock & Stability
Owner vs. Renter-Occupied Housing
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Universe varies by row: household rows show the share of occupied housing units that are owner- versus renter-occupied; resident rows show the share of residents (people in occupied housing units, excluding group quarters) who live in owner- versus renter-occupied homes · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Universe varies by row: household rows show the share of occupied housing units that are owner- versus renter-occupied; resident rows show the share of residents (people in occupied housing units, excluding group quarters) who live in owner- versus renter-occupied homes · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Year Moved Into Current Home
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Median Year Moved In | 2010±0.7 yr |
| Moved in 2023 or Later | 2.4% ±0.7 pp1,349 ±400 |
| Moved in 2020 to 2022 | 12.9% ±1.4 pp7,297 ±780 |
| Moved in 2010 to 2019 | 37.9% ±2.2 pp21,490 ±1,247 |
| Moved in 2000 to 2009 | 22.2% ±1.6 pp12,596 ±928 |
| Moved in 1990 to 1999 | 12.6% ±1.2 pp7,118 ±692 |
| Moved in 1989 or Earlier | 12.0% ±1.2 pp6,822 ±695 |
| Note: Move-in years come from the 2020–2024 ACS 5-year estimates, which pooled survey responses collected over a five-year period. | |
| Universe: Primary Resident in Household · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median Year Moved In | 2010±0.7 yr | 2013±1.0 yr | ▼ −3 | 40/51 |
| Moved in 2023 or Later | 2.4%±0.7 pp1,349±400 | 3.9%±0.1 pp128,386±3,034 | ▼ -1.5% | 42/51 |
| Moved in 2020 to 2022 | 12.9%±1.4 pp7,297±780 | 18.4%±0.2 pp612,609±6,837 | ▼ -5.5% | 40/51 |
| Moved in 2010 to 2019 | 37.9%±2.2 pp21,490±1,247 | 37.5%±0.3 pp1,249,358±8,625 | ▲ +0.4% | 23/51 |
| Moved in 2000 to 2009 | 22.2%±1.6 pp12,596±928 | 17.2%±0.2 pp574,466±6,666 | ▲ +5.0% | 4/51 |
| Moved in 1990 to 1999 | 12.6%±1.2 pp7,118±692 | 11.2%±0.2 pp372,023±6,406 | ▲ +1.4% | 14/51 |
| Moved in 1989 or Earlier | 12.0%±1.2 pp6,822±695 | 11.9%±0.2 pp397,246±6,006 | ▲ +0.1% | 21/51 |
| Note: Move-in years come from the 2020–2024 ACS 5-year estimates, which pooled survey responses collected over a five-year period. | ||||
| Universe: Primary Resident in Household · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Prior Location of Recent Movers
Sub-rows show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Moved Within the Past Year (of all residents) | 7.5% ±0.9 pp7.5%±0.9 pp13,297 ±1,637 |
| ↳ Moved Within Same Borough (of recent movers) | 4.3% ±0.8 pp56.5%±7.3 pp7,507 ±1,343 |
| ↳ Moved from Different New York County (of recent movers) | 2.2% ±0.5 pp28.6%±5.0 pp3,809 ±817 |
| ↳ Moved from Different State (of recent movers) | 0.6% ±0.2 pp7.3%±2.4 pp971 ±336 |
| ↳ Moved from Abroad (of recent movers) | 0.6% ±0.2 pp7.6%±3.1 pp1,009 ±429 |
| Universe: Population 1 year and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moved Within the Past Year (of all residents) | 7.5%±0.9 pp7.5%±0.9 pp13,297±1,637 | 9.9%±0.1 pp9.9%±0.1 pp827,473±12,196 | ▼ -2.3%▼ -2.3% | 33/51 |
| ↳ Moved Within Same Borough (of recent movers) | 4.3%±0.8 pp56.5%±7.3 pp7,507±1,343 | 5.2%±0.1 pp52.7%±0.8 pp436,346±9,332 | ▼ -0.9%▲ +3.7% | 36/5125/51 |
| ↳ Moved from Different New York County (of recent movers) | 2.2%±0.5 pp28.6%±5.0 pp3,809±817 | 2.0%±0.1 pp20.6%±0.5 pp170,433±4,911 | ▲ +0.1%▲ +8.0% | 22/518/51 |
| ↳ Moved from Different State (of recent movers) | 0.6%±0.2 pp7.3%±2.4 pp971±336 | 1.6%±0.1 pp16.4%±0.5 pp135,935±4,867 | ▼ -1.1%▼ -9.1% | 36/5140/51 |
| ↳ Moved from Abroad (of recent movers) | 0.6%±0.2 pp7.6%±3.1 pp1,009±429 | 1.0%±0.0 pp10.2%±0.4 pp84,759±3,728 | ▼ -0.4%▼ -2.7% | 42/5139/51 |
| Universe: Population 1 year and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Sub-rows show
Housing Vacancy Status
Sub-rows show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Overall Vacancy Rate (of housing units) | 4.3% ±0.7 pp4.3%±0.7 pp2,574 ±439 |
| ↳ Vacant: For Rent (of vacant units) | 0.9% ±0.4 pp20.7%±8.0 pp533 ±226 |
| ↳ Vacant: For Sale (of vacant units) | 0.3% ±0.2 pp6.4%±4.9 pp164 ±129 |
| ↳ Vacant: Owner's Residence Elsewhere (of vacant units) | 0.2% ±0.3 pp3.8%±6.1 pp98 ±158 |
| ↳ Vacant: All Other (of vacant units) | 3.0% ±0.8 pp69.1%±12.9 pp1,778 ±450 |
| Rental Vacancy Rate (of rental units) | 1.7% ±0.7 pp1.7%±0.7 pp— |
| Owner Vacancy Rate (of owner units) | 0.6% ±0.5 pp0.6%±0.5 pp— |
| Note: “All other” vacant units combines units that are seasonal, held for migrant workers, rented/sold but not yet occupied, or vacant for other reasons. The two vacancy-rate rows use a different base: the rental vacancy rate counts units actively listed for rent as a share of total rental stock (renter-occupied, rented-not-yet-occupied, and listed for rent), and the owner vacancy rate uses the equivalent owner-unit denominator (owner-occupied, sold but not yet occupied, and listed for sale). | |
| Universe: All housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Vacancy Rate (of housing units) | 4.3%±0.7 pp4.3%±0.7 pp2,574±439 | 9.4%±0.2 pp9.4%±0.2 pp344,398±6,930 | ▼ -5.0%▼ -5.0% | 47/51 |
| ↳ Vacant: For Rent (of vacant units) | 0.9%±0.4 pp20.7%±8.0 pp533±226 | 2.3%±0.1 pp24.7%±0.6 pp85,121±2,753 | ▼ -1.4%▼ -4.0% | 50/5135/51 |
| ↳ Vacant: For Sale (of vacant units) | 0.3%±0.2 pp6.4%±4.9 pp164±129 | 0.6%±0.0 pp6.0%±0.5 pp20,602±1,690 | ▼ -0.3%▲ +0.4% | 35/5119/51 |
| ↳ Vacant: Owner's Residence Elsewhere (of vacant units) | 0.2%±0.3 pp3.8%±6.1 pp98±158 | 0.5%±0.0 pp5.6%±0.5 pp19,217±1,699 | ▼ -0.4%▼ -1.8% | 29/5121/51 |
| ↳ Vacant: All Other (of vacant units) | 3.0%±0.8 pp69.1%±12.9 pp1,778±450 | 6.0%±0.2 pp63.7%±1.9 pp219,458±7,833 | ▼ -3.0%▲ +5.4% | 42/5114/51 |
| Rental Vacancy Rate (of rental units) | 1.7%±0.7 pp1.7%±0.7 pp— | 3.6%±0.1 pp3.6%±0.1 pp— | ▼ -1.9%▼ -1.9% | 48/51 |
| Owner Vacancy Rate (of owner units) | 0.6%±0.5 pp0.6%±0.5 pp— | 1.8%±0.1 pp1.8%±0.1 pp— | ▼ -1.2%▼ -1.2% | 47/51 |
| Note: “All other” vacant units combines units that are seasonal, held for migrant workers, rented/sold but not yet occupied, or vacant for other reasons. The two vacancy-rate rows use a different base: the rental vacancy rate counts units actively listed for rent as a share of total rental stock (renter-occupied, rented-not-yet-occupied, and listed for rent), and the owner vacancy rate uses the equivalent owner-unit denominator (owner-occupied, sold but not yet occupied, and listed for sale). | ||||
| Universe: All housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Sub-rows show
Housing Age
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Median Year Built | 1962±2 yr |
| Pre-1940 | 19.2% ±1.4 pp11,402 ±850 |
| 1940-2009 | 75.2% ±2.7 pp44,563 ±1,622 |
| 2010+ | 5.5% ±0.8 pp3,273 ±501 |
| Note: Year-built figures are based on residents’ self-reports. Many people do not know the precise year their building was constructed, so these distributions should be treated as approximate rather than exact. | |
| Universe: Housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median Year Built | 1962±2 yr | 1952±1 yr | ▲ +10 yrs | 10/51 |
| Pre-1940 | 19.2%±1.4 pp11,402±850 | 38.2%±0.2 pp1,405,250±8,136 | ▼ -19.0% | 47/51 |
| 1940-2009 | 75.2%±2.7 pp44,563±1,622 | 55.0%±0.4 pp2,022,113±13,026 | ▲ +20.3% | 5/51 |
| 2010+ | 5.5%±0.8 pp3,273±501 | 6.8%±0.1 pp251,123±4,594 | ▼ -1.3% | 24/51 |
| Note: Year-built figures are based on residents’ self-reports. Many people do not know the precise year their building was constructed, so these distributions should be treated as approximate rather than exact. | ||||
| Universe: Housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Housing Units by Building Size
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Population Density | 9,784 /sq mi±297/sq mi |
| Single-Family Homes | 41.2% ±1.8 pp24,388 ±1,063 |
| Buildings With 2–4 Units | 29.5% ±1.9 pp17,446 ±1,136 |
| Buildings With 5–19 Units | 3.9% ±0.8 pp2,311 ±482 |
| Buildings With 20 or More Units | 25.2% ±1.8 pp14,955 ±1,068 |
| Universe: Housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 9,784 /sq mi±297/sq mi | 28,098 /sq mi±2/sq mi | ▼ −18,314 /sq mi | 49/51 |
| Single-Family Homes | 41.2%±1.8 pp24,388±1,063 | 16.3%±0.2 pp598,290±6,212 | ▲ +24.9% | 8/51 |
| Buildings With 2–4 Units | 29.5%±1.9 pp17,446±1,136 | 21.3%±0.2 pp784,262±7,818 | ▲ +8.1% | 18/51 |
| Buildings With 5–19 Units | 3.9%±0.8 pp2,311±482 | 13.3%±0.2 pp490,074±6,520 | ▼ -9.4% | 46/51 |
| Buildings With 20 or More Units | 25.2%±1.8 pp14,955±1,068 | 48.9%±0.3 pp1,798,617±9,757 | ▼ -23.6% | 38/51 |
| Universe: Housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Homes by Number of Bedrooms
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Studio | 4.4% ±0.8 pp2,610 ±468 |
| 1 Bedroom | 15.6% ±1.5 pp9,268 ±879 |
| 2 Bedrooms | 24.4% ±1.9 pp14,453 ±1,105 |
| 3 Bedrooms | 39.5% ±1.8 pp23,393 ±1,046 |
| 4 Bedrooms | 10.8% ±1.1 pp6,379 ±680 |
| 5 or More Bedrooms | 5.3% ±0.8 pp3,135 ±467 |
| Universe: Housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Studio | 4.4%±0.8 pp2,610±468 | 9.6%±0.1 pp351,466±5,299 | ▼ -5.1% | 41/51 |
| 1 Bedroom | 15.6%±1.5 pp9,268±879 | 29.4%±0.2 pp1,081,074±8,667 | ▼ -13.7% | 45/51 |
| 2 Bedrooms | 24.4%±1.9 pp14,453±1,105 | 31.6%±0.2 pp1,162,968±7,113 | ▼ -7.2% | 47/51 |
| 3 Bedrooms | 39.5%±1.8 pp23,393±1,046 | 21.9%±0.2 pp806,079±7,253 | ▲ +17.6% | 6/51 |
| 4 Bedrooms | 10.8%±1.1 pp6,379±680 | 5.4%±0.1 pp197,308±4,006 | ▲ +5.4% | 8/51 |
| 5 or More Bedrooms | 5.3%±0.8 pp3,135±467 | 2.2%±0.1 pp79,591±2,374 | ▲ +3.1% | 2/51 |
| Universe: Housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Overcrowded Housing
Sub-rows show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Overcrowded: More Than 1 Person per Room (of occupied housing units) | 8.7% ±1.3 pp8.7%±1.3 pp4,944 ±715 |
| ↳ Moderately Overcrowded: 1.01–1.50 People per Room (of overcrowded units) | 5.9% ±1.0 pp67.3%±6.1 pp3,328 ±569 |
| ↳ Severely Overcrowded: 1.51 or More People per Room (of overcrowded units) | 2.9% ±0.8 pp32.7%±7.5 pp1,616 ±440 |
| Note: Rooms are defined as living rooms, dining rooms, kitchens, bedrooms, finished recreation rooms, and enclosed porches. Bathrooms, closets, hallways, and unfinished spaces are not counted as rooms. | |
| Universe: Occupied housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overcrowded: More Than 1 Person per Room (of occupied housing units) | 8.7%±1.3 pp8.7%±1.3 pp4,944±715 | 9.2%±0.2 pp9.2%±0.2 pp307,926±5,138 | ▼ -0.5%▼ -0.5% | 26/51 |
| ↳ Moderately Overcrowded: 1.01–1.50 People per Room (of overcrowded units) | 5.9%±1.0 pp67.3%±6.1 pp3,328±569 | 5.2%±0.1 pp56.0%±0.7 pp172,430±3,668 | ▲ +0.7%▲ +11.3% | 16/519/51 |
| ↳ Severely Overcrowded: 1.51 or More People per Room (of overcrowded units) | 2.9%±0.8 pp32.7%±7.5 pp1,616±440 | 4.1%±0.1 pp44.0%±0.9 pp135,496±3,627 | ▼ -1.2%▼ -11.3% | 34/5143/51 |
| Note: Rooms are defined as living rooms, dining rooms, kitchens, bedrooms, finished recreation rooms, and enclosed porches. Bathrooms, closets, hallways, and unfinished spaces are not counted as rooms. | ||||
| Universe: Occupied housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Sub-rows show
Primary Home Heating Fuel
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Natural Gas Heat | 76.9% ±1.8 pp43,564 ±1,033 |
| Electric Heat | 11.0% ±1.2 pp6,235 ±686 |
| Other Heating Source | 12.1% ±1.4 pp6,873 ±765 |
| Universe: Occupied housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Natural Gas Heat | 76.9%±1.8 pp43,564±1,033 | 64.4%±0.2 pp2,148,783±6,186 | ▲ +12.4% | 14/51 |
| Electric Heat | 11.0%±1.2 pp6,235±686 | 16.8%±0.2 pp560,448±6,181 | ▼ -5.8% | 29/51 |
| Other Heating Source | 12.1%±1.4 pp6,873±765 | 18.7%±0.2 pp624,858±6,602 | ▼ -6.6% | 43/51 |
| Universe: Occupied housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Housing Costs & Affordability
Housing Cost Burden
Show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Note: Housing costs include gross rent for renters and selected monthly owner costs for owners, including costs beyond mortgage payments. Shares exclude units whose housing-cost-to-income ratio is not computed. Spending 30% or more is cost burdened; 50% or more is a subset of that group. | |
| Universe: Occupied housing units with a computed housing-cost-to-income ratio · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Note: Housing costs include gross rent for renters and selected monthly owner costs for owners, including costs beyond mortgage payments. Shares exclude units whose housing-cost-to-income ratio is not computed. Spending 30% or more is cost burdened; 50% or more is a subset of that group. | |
| Universe: Renter-occupied housing units with a computed housing-cost-to-income ratio · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Note: Housing costs include gross rent for renters and selected monthly owner costs for owners, including costs beyond mortgage payments. Shares exclude units whose housing-cost-to-income ratio is not computed. Spending 30% or more is cost burdened; 50% or more is a subset of that group. | |
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units with a computed housing-cost-to-income ratio · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Note: Housing costs include gross rent for renters and selected monthly owner costs for owners, including costs beyond mortgage payments. Shares exclude units whose housing-cost-to-income ratio is not computed. Spending 30% or more is cost burdened; 50% or more is a subset of that group. | |
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units with a mortgage and a computed housing-cost-to-income ratio · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Note: Housing costs include gross rent for renters and selected monthly owner costs for owners, including costs beyond mortgage payments. Shares exclude units whose housing-cost-to-income ratio is not computed. Spending 30% or more is cost burdened; 50% or more is a subset of that group. | |
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units without a mortgage and with a computed housing-cost-to-income ratio · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Note: Housing costs include gross rent for renters and selected monthly owner costs for owners, including costs beyond mortgage payments. Shares exclude units whose housing-cost-to-income ratio is not computed. Spending 30% or more is cost burdened; 50% or more is a subset of that group. | ||||
| Universe: Occupied housing units with a computed housing-cost-to-income ratio · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Note: Housing costs include gross rent for renters and selected monthly owner costs for owners, including costs beyond mortgage payments. Shares exclude units whose housing-cost-to-income ratio is not computed. Spending 30% or more is cost burdened; 50% or more is a subset of that group. | ||||
| Universe: Renter-occupied housing units with a computed housing-cost-to-income ratio · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Note: Housing costs include gross rent for renters and selected monthly owner costs for owners, including costs beyond mortgage payments. Shares exclude units whose housing-cost-to-income ratio is not computed. Spending 30% or more is cost burdened; 50% or more is a subset of that group. | ||||
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units with a computed housing-cost-to-income ratio · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Note: Housing costs include gross rent for renters and selected monthly owner costs for owners, including costs beyond mortgage payments. Shares exclude units whose housing-cost-to-income ratio is not computed. Spending 30% or more is cost burdened; 50% or more is a subset of that group. | ||||
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units with a mortgage and a computed housing-cost-to-income ratio · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Note: Housing costs include gross rent for renters and selected monthly owner costs for owners, including costs beyond mortgage payments. Shares exclude units whose housing-cost-to-income ratio is not computed. Spending 30% or more is cost burdened; 50% or more is a subset of that group. | ||||
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units without a mortgage and with a computed housing-cost-to-income ratio · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Monthly Housing Costs
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| 10th Percentile Monthly Housing Costs | $517±$72 |
| 25th Percentile Monthly Housing Costs | $1,104±$46 |
| Median Monthly Housing Costs | $1,952±$71 |
| 75th Percentile Monthly Housing Costs | $2,873±$55 |
| 90th Percentile Monthly Housing Costs | Over $3,000 |
| Note: Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s monthly housing cost brackets. If a percentile of monthly housing costs is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $2,000 in 2010–14 ($2,650 in 2024 dollars). It has been $3,000 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $3,681 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | |
| Universe: Occupied housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10th Percentile Monthly Housing Costs | $517±$72 | $532±$10 | ▼ −$15 | 32/51 |
| 25th Percentile Monthly Housing Costs | $1,104±$46 | $1,150±$6 | ▼ −$46 | 36/51 |
| Median Monthly Housing Costs | $1,952±$71 | $1,882±$6 | ▲ +$70 | 19/51 |
| 75th Percentile Monthly Housing Costs | $2,873±$55 | $2,863±$12 | ▲ +$9 | 20/51 |
| 90th Percentile Monthly Housing Costs | Over $3,000 | Over $3,000 | — | 1/51 |
| Note: Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s monthly housing cost brackets. If a percentile of monthly housing costs is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $2,000 in 2010–14 ($2,650 in 2024 dollars). It has been $3,000 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $3,681 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | ||||
| Universe: Occupied housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| 2010–14 | 2015–19 | 2020–24 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Rent
Rent measure
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average Rent Plus Utilities | $1,623±$69 |
| 10th Percentile Rent Plus Utilities | $373±$43 |
| 25th Percentile Rent Plus Utilities | $931±$79 |
| Median Rent Plus Utilities | $1,571±$82 |
| 75th Percentile Rent Plus Utilities | $2,260±$60 |
| 90th Percentile Rent Plus Utilities | $2,745±$63 |
| Note: Rent is what renters pay their landlord; Rent plus Utilities adds the estimated cost of utilities renters pay separately. Rent plus Utilities is the better comparison, since some units include utilities in the rent and others bill them separately. Both reflect what current renters pay, not asking rents. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s rent brackets and describe units that pay cash rent. If a percentile of rent is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $2,000 in 2010–14 ($2,650 in 2024 dollars). It has been $3,500 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $4,294 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | |
| Universe: Renter-occupied housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Rent Plus Utilities | $1,623±$69 | $2,084±$9 | ▼ −$461 | 40/51 |
| 10th Percentile Rent Plus Utilities | $373±$43 | $618±$12 | ▼ −$244 | 46/51 |
| 25th Percentile Rent Plus Utilities | $931±$79 | $1,212±$9 | ▼ −$281 | 45/51 |
| Median Rent Plus Utilities | $1,571±$82 | $1,821±$7 | ▼ −$250 | 41/51 |
| 75th Percentile Rent Plus Utilities | $2,260±$60 | $2,550±$14 | ▼ −$291 | 33/51 |
| 90th Percentile Rent Plus Utilities | $2,745±$63 | Over $3,500 | ▼ −$755+ | 34/51 |
| Note: Rent is what renters pay their landlord; Rent plus Utilities adds the estimated cost of utilities renters pay separately. Rent plus Utilities is the better comparison, since some units include utilities in the rent and others bill them separately. Both reflect what current renters pay, not asking rents. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s rent brackets and describe units that pay cash rent. If a percentile of rent is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $2,000 in 2010–14 ($2,650 in 2024 dollars). It has been $3,500 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $4,294 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | ||||
| Universe: Renter-occupied housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average Rent | $1,453±$58 |
| 10th Percentile Rent | $308±$31 |
| 25th Percentile Rent | $885±$64 |
| Median Rent | $1,451±$63 |
| 75th Percentile Rent | $2,035±$66 |
| 90th Percentile Rent | $2,437±$44 |
| Note: Rent is what renters pay their landlord; Rent plus Utilities adds the estimated cost of utilities renters pay separately. Rent plus Utilities is the better comparison, since some units include utilities in the rent and others bill them separately. Both reflect what current renters pay, not asking rents. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s rent brackets and describe units that pay cash rent. If a percentile of rent is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $2,000 in 2010–14 ($2,650 in 2024 dollars). It has been $3,500 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $4,294 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | |
| Universe: Renter-occupied housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Rent | $1,453±$58 | $1,928±$9 | ▼ −$476 | 41/51 |
| 10th Percentile Rent | $308±$31 | $538±$10 | ▼ −$230 | 47/51 |
| 25th Percentile Rent | $885±$64 | $1,088±$6 | ▼ −$203 | 43/51 |
| Median Rent | $1,451±$63 | $1,686±$7 | ▼ −$235 | 40/51 |
| 75th Percentile Rent | $2,035±$66 | $2,380±$8 | ▼ −$345 | 33/51 |
| 90th Percentile Rent | $2,437±$44 | Over $3,500 | ▼ −$1,063+ | 35/51 |
| Note: Rent is what renters pay their landlord; Rent plus Utilities adds the estimated cost of utilities renters pay separately. Rent plus Utilities is the better comparison, since some units include utilities in the rent and others bill them separately. Both reflect what current renters pay, not asking rents. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s rent brackets and describe units that pay cash rent. If a percentile of rent is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $2,000 in 2010–14 ($2,650 in 2024 dollars). It has been $3,500 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $4,294 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | ||||
| Universe: Renter-occupied housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Rent measure
Homeowner Costs With a Mortgage
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | $3,297±$111 |
| 10th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | $1,825±$141 |
| 25th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | $2,530±$80 |
| Median Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | $3,176±$82 |
| 75th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | $3,989±$58 |
| 90th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | Over $4,000 |
| Note: Selected monthly owner costs include real estate taxes; fire, hazard, and flood insurance; electricity, gas, water and sewer; other fuels; and, where applicable, homeowners association or condominium fees. For mobile homes, they also include site rent, personal-property taxes, registration, and license fees. Mortgage and other property-backed debt payments are excluded. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s cost brackets. If a percentile of monthly owner costs is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $3,000 in 2010–14 ($3,975 in 2024 dollars). It has been $4,000 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $4,908 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | |
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units with a mortgage · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | $3,297±$111 | $3,760±$33 | ▼ −$464 | 28/51 |
| 10th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | $1,825±$141 | $1,571±$19 | ▲ +$254 | 12/51 |
| 25th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | $2,530±$80 | $2,341±$20 | ▲ +$189 | 16/51 |
| Median Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | $3,176±$82 | $3,293±$21 | ▼ −$117 | 30/51 |
| 75th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | $3,989±$58 | Over $4,000 | ▼ −$11+ | 35/51 |
| 90th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs (With Mortgage) | Over $4,000 | Over $4,000 | — | 1/51 |
| Note: Selected monthly owner costs include real estate taxes; fire, hazard, and flood insurance; electricity, gas, water and sewer; other fuels; and, where applicable, homeowners association or condominium fees. For mobile homes, they also include site rent, personal-property taxes, registration, and license fees. Mortgage and other property-backed debt payments are excluded. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s cost brackets. If a percentile of monthly owner costs is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $3,000 in 2010–14 ($3,975 in 2024 dollars). It has been $4,000 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $4,908 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | ||||
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units with a mortgage · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| 2010–14 | 2015–19 | 2020–24 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Monthly Homeowner Costs Without a Mortgage
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average Monthly Owner Costs | $1,145±$48 |
| 10th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs | $607±$100 |
| 25th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs | $798±$60 |
| Median Monthly Owner Costs | $1,096±$55 |
| 75th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs | $1,352±$57 |
| 90th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs | Over $1,500 |
| Note: Selected monthly owner costs include real estate taxes; fire, hazard, and flood insurance; electricity, gas, water and sewer; other fuels; and, where applicable, homeowners association or condominium fees. For mobile homes, they also include site rent, personal-property taxes, registration, and license fees. Mortgage and other property-backed debt payments are excluded. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s cost brackets. If a percentile of monthly owner costs is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $700 in 2010–14 ($928 in 2024 dollars). It has been $1,500 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $1,840 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | |
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units without a mortgage · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Monthly Owner Costs | $1,145±$48 | $1,384±$19 | ▼ −$239 | 23/51 |
| 10th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs | $607±$100 | $280±$13 | ▲ +$328 | 5/51 |
| 25th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs | $798±$60 | $732±$12 | ▲ +$66 | 17/51 |
| Median Monthly Owner Costs | $1,096±$55 | $1,150±$9 | ▼ −$54 | 28/51 |
| 75th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs | $1,352±$57 | Over $1,500 | ▼ −$148+ | 35/51 |
| 90th Percentile Monthly Owner Costs | Over $1,500 | Over $1,500 | — | 1/51 |
| Note: Selected monthly owner costs include real estate taxes; fire, hazard, and flood insurance; electricity, gas, water and sewer; other fuels; and, where applicable, homeowners association or condominium fees. For mobile homes, they also include site rent, personal-property taxes, registration, and license fees. Mortgage and other property-backed debt payments are excluded. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s cost brackets. If a percentile of monthly owner costs is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $700 in 2010–14 ($928 in 2024 dollars). It has been $1,500 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $1,840 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | ||||
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units without a mortgage · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| 2010–14 | 2015–19 | 2020–24 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Values
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average Home Value | $688,158±$23,845 |
| 10th Percentile Home Value | $350,265±$48,122 |
| 25th Percentile Home Value | $525,832±$11,903 |
| Median Home Value | $669,929±$11,878 |
| 75th Percentile Home Value | $855,233±$17,676 |
| 90th Percentile Home Value | $997,337±$42,961 |
| Note: Home values are self-reported by owners of owner-occupied housing units. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s home value brackets. If a percentile of home values is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $1,000,000 in 2010–14 ($1,325,058 in 2024 dollars). It has been $2,000,000 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $2,453,983 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | |
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Home Value | $688,158±$23,845 | $1,032,079±$9,836 | ▼ −$343,921 | 39/51 |
| 10th Percentile Home Value | $350,265±$48,122 | $249,280±$5,928 | ▲ +$100,985 | 13/51 |
| 25th Percentile Home Value | $525,832±$11,903 | $503,800±$4,045 | ▲ +$22,032 | 25/51 |
| Median Home Value | $669,929±$11,878 | $777,600±$4,889 | ▼ −$107,671 | 36/51 |
| 75th Percentile Home Value | $855,233±$17,676 | $1,115,600±$6,977 | ▼ −$260,367 | 40/51 |
| 90th Percentile Home Value | $997,337±$42,961 | $1,913,459±$21,673 | ▼ −$916,122 | 41/51 |
| Note: Home values are self-reported by owners of owner-occupied housing units. Percentiles are estimated from the Census’s home value brackets. If a percentile of home values is above a certain amount, the Census Bureau does not release the specific value, so we show “Over” that amount. That cutoff was $1,000,000 in 2010–14 ($1,325,058 in 2024 dollars). It has been $2,000,000 since 2015–19, so it is worth less in later releases: $2,453,983 in 2024 dollars for 2015–19. | ||||
| Universe: Owner-occupied housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
| 2010–14 | 2015–19 | 2020–24 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Federal Housing Assistance
Sub-rows show
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| HUD-Subsidized Housing Units (of housing units) | 17.0%17.0%10,045 |
| ↳ Housing Choice Vouchers (of HUD-subsidized units) | 8.9%52.4%5,267 |
| ↳ Public Housing (of HUD-subsidized units) | 4.0%23.5%2,364 |
| ↳ Project-Based Section 8 (of HUD-subsidized units) | 3.4%20.1%2,020 |
| ↳ Other Project-Based Programs (of HUD-subsidized units) | 0.7%3.9%394 |
| Note: Counts housing units receiving federal rental assistance as a share of all housing units, excluding Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) properties. The four program rows are specific HUD programs; “Other project-based programs” combines Section 202 (elderly), Section 811 (disability), and smaller project-based programs. These are administrative records rather than survey estimates, so they have no margin of error. | |
| Universe: Total housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: HUD Picture of Subsidized Households 2025 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HUD-Subsidized Housing Units (of housing units) | 17.0%17.0%10,045 | 10.6%10.6%390,295 | ▲ +6.3%▲ +6.3% | 11/51 |
| ↳ Housing Choice Vouchers (of HUD-subsidized units) | 8.9%52.4%5,267 | 4.7%44.4%173,344 | ▲ +4.2%▲ +8.0% | 9/5123/51 |
| ↳ Public Housing (of HUD-subsidized units) | 4.0%23.5%2,364 | 3.9%36.9%143,954 | ▲ +0.1%▼ -13.3% | 19/5131/51 |
| ↳ Project-Based Section 8 (of HUD-subsidized units) | 3.4%20.1%2,020 | 1.7%16.2%63,303 | ▲ +1.7%▲ +3.9% | 8/5114/51 |
| ↳ Other Project-Based Programs (of HUD-subsidized units) | 0.7%3.9%394 | 0.3%2.5%9,694 | ▲ +0.4%▲ +1.4% | 7/5112/51 |
| Note: Counts housing units receiving federal rental assistance as a share of all housing units, excluding Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) properties. The four program rows are specific HUD programs; “Other project-based programs” combines Section 202 (elderly), Section 811 (disability), and smaller project-based programs. These are administrative records rather than survey estimates, so they have no margin of error. | ||||
| Universe: Total housing units · Geography: Census Tract · Source: HUD Picture of Subsidized Households 2025 | ||||
| 2014 | 2019 | 2025 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sub-rows show
Characteristics of Federal Housing Assistance Recipients
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average Household Income | $24,421 |
| Average Tenant-Paid Rent | $619 |
| Average Monthly Government Spending | $1,703 |
| Below 30% of Area Median Income | 82.4%7,095 |
| With Children | 32.3%2,781 |
| Head or Spouse Has a Disability | 34.6%2,979 |
| Note: Describes households receiving federal rental assistance in this district. Tenant-paid rent is the household’s own share of the rent after the subsidy; monthly government spending is what HUD pays toward that household’s housing. Area median income is calculated by HUD for the surrounding metropolitan area, not for this district. The “With Children” measure is available only for 2020–2024; it is shown as blank for 2010–2014 and 2015–2019 in historical views. In Count view, household counts are estimated by applying each share to the number of HUD-assisted households in this district. | |
| Universe: HUD-assisted households · Geography: Census tract · Source: HUD Picture of Subsidized Households 2025 (administrative data; no margin of error) | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Household Income | $24,421 | $24,375 | ▲ +$46 | 25/51 |
| Average Tenant-Paid Rent | $619 | $603 | ▲ +$16 | 18/51 |
| Average Monthly Government Spending | $1,703 | $1,746 | ▼ -$43 | 31/51 |
| Below 30% of Area Median Income | 82.4%7,095 | 82.0%286,100 | ▲ +0.4 pp | 28/51 |
| With Children | 32.3%2,781 | 26.0%90,715 | ▲ +6.3 pp | 7/51 |
| Head or Spouse Has a Disability | 34.6%2,979 | 37.0%129,094 | ▼ -2.4 pp | 38/51 |
| Note: Describes households receiving federal rental assistance in this district. Tenant-paid rent is the household’s own share of the rent after the subsidy; monthly government spending is what HUD pays toward that household’s housing. Area median income is calculated by HUD for the surrounding metropolitan area, not for this district. The “With Children” measure is available only for 2020–2024; it is shown as blank for 2010–2014 and 2015–2019 in historical views. In Count view, household counts are estimated by applying each share to the number of HUD-assisted households in this district. | ||||
| Universe: HUD-assisted households · Geography: Census tract · Source: HUD Picture of Subsidized Households 2025 (administrative data; no margin of error) | ||||
| 2014 | 2019 | 2025 | 2010–14 → 2020–242015–19 → 2020–242010–14 → 2015–19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Environment
Tree Canopy and Land Cover
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Note: These estimates do not have margins of error because they are derived from classified aerial imagery, not a survey. | |
| Universe: Land area classified from high-resolution aerial imagery · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: USDA Forest Service, Arbor Day Foundation, and PlanIT Geo National Baseline Assessment of Urban and Community Forests, 2026 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Note: These estimates do not have margins of error because they are derived from classified aerial imagery, not a survey. | ||||
| Universe: Land area classified from high-resolution aerial imagery · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: USDA Forest Service, Arbor Day Foundation, and PlanIT Geo National Baseline Assessment of Urban and Community Forests, 2026 | ||||
Population Vulnerable to Extreme Heat
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| No Heat Vulnerability Risk Factors | 16.6% ±1.8 pp29,478 ±3,166 |
| 1–2 Heat Vulnerability Risk Factors | 49.7% ±2.3 pp88,546 ±4,091 |
| 3 or More Heat Vulnerability Risk Factors | 33.7% ±2.2 pp60,042 ±3,958 |
| Heat Exposed | 100.0%178,066 |
| Homes Without Air Conditioning | 6.3%11,193 |
| Note: Heat vulnerability risk factors include characteristics such as age, income, disability, English proficiency, and household access to transportation — see the full list of risk factors and how they are measured. Heat Exposed is the share of residents living in census tracts the Census Bureau flagged as exposed to extreme heat in 2022. The air conditioning figures are modeled estimates from the Census Bureau’s Local Air Conditioning Estimates; neither those nor the heat exposure figures have a margin of error, as with CDC PLACES data. | |
| Universe: Residents for heat vulnerability risk factors; occupied housing units for air conditioning · Geography: Census Tract · Source: Census Community Resilience Estimates for Heat; Census Local Air Conditioning Estimates | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Heat Vulnerability Risk Factors | 16.6%±1.8 pp29,478±3,166 | 14.7%±0.3 pp1,246,510±23,068 | ▲ +1.9% | 14/51 |
| 1–2 Heat Vulnerability Risk Factors | 49.7%±2.3 pp88,546±4,091 | 48.1%±0.3 pp4,082,913±28,280 | ▲ +1.6% | 23/51 |
| 3 or More Heat Vulnerability Risk Factors | 33.7%±2.2 pp60,042±3,958 | 37.2%±0.3 pp3,154,421±26,494 | ▼ -3.5% | 32/51 |
| Heat Exposed | 100.0%178,066 | 98.7%8,369,934 | ▲ +1.3% | 1/51 |
| Homes Without Air Conditioning | 6.3%11,193 | 8.4%713,015 | ▼ -2.1% | 37/51 |
| Note: Heat vulnerability risk factors include characteristics such as age, income, disability, English proficiency, and household access to transportation — see the full list of risk factors and how they are measured. Heat Exposed is the share of residents living in census tracts the Census Bureau flagged as exposed to extreme heat in 2022. The air conditioning figures are modeled estimates from the Census Bureau’s Local Air Conditioning Estimates; neither those nor the heat exposure figures have a margin of error, as with CDC PLACES data. | ||||
| Universe: Residents for heat vulnerability risk factors; occupied housing units for air conditioning · Geography: Census Tract · Source: Census Community Resilience Estimates for Heat; Census Local Air Conditioning Estimates | ||||
Transportation & Commuting
How Workers Commute
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Drove Alone | 49.2% ±1.9 pp32,647 ±1,289 |
| Carpooled | 7.2% ±1.0 pp4,796 ±692 |
| Public Transit | 34.7% ±1.9 pp23,069 ±1,276 |
| Walked | 5.2% ±1.0 pp3,439 ±658 |
| Bikes | 0.9% ±0.4 pp601 ±258 |
| Other Commute Mode | 1.0% ±0.4 pp644 ±245 |
| Universe: Workers 16 years and over who commute to work (excludes those working from home) · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drove Alone | 49.2%±1.9 pp32,647±1,289 | 25.9%±0.2 pp1,018,323±8,635 | ▲ +23.2% | 6/51 |
| Carpooled | 7.2%±1.0 pp4,796±692 | 5.2%±0.1 pp203,504±5,527 | ▲ +2.0% | 10/51 |
| Public Transit | 34.7%±1.9 pp23,069±1,276 | 53.0%±0.2 pp2,079,382±7,544 | ▼ -18.2% | 46/51 |
| Walked | 5.2%±1.0 pp3,439±658 | 11.1%±0.2 pp435,891±7,746 | ▼ -5.9% | 40/51 |
| Bikes | 0.9%±0.4 pp601±258 | 1.9%±0.1 pp74,902±3,027 | ▼ -1.0% | 32/51 |
| Other Commute Mode | 1.0%±0.4 pp644±245 | 2.9%±0.1 pp114,799±2,737 | ▼ -2.0% | 46/51 |
| Universe: Workers 16 years and over who commute to work (excludes those working from home) · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Commute Time
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average Commute Time (minutes) | 47 min±1.2 min |
| Less Than 15 Minutes | 11.5% ±1.4 pp7,664 ±935 |
| 15–29 Minutes | 17.9% ±1.5 pp11,945 ±984 |
| 30–44 Minutes | 20.2% ±1.4 pp13,467 ±907 |
| 45–59 Minutes | 14.0% ±1.3 pp9,303 ±842 |
| 60 Minutes or More | 36.4% ±1.8 pp24,259 ±1,172 |
| Universe: Workers age 16+ (excl. those working from home) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Commute Time (minutes) | 47 min±1.2 min | 40 min±0.1 min | ▲ +7 min | 3/51 |
| Less Than 15 Minutes | 11.5%±1.4 pp7,664±935 | 9.9%±0.2 pp322,827±5,958 | ▲ +1.6% | 13/51 |
| 15–29 Minutes | 17.9%±1.5 pp11,945±984 | 21.5%±0.3 pp702,026±8,655 | ▼ -3.6% | 29/51 |
| 30–44 Minutes | 20.2%±1.4 pp13,467±907 | 27.4%±0.3 pp894,073±8,932 | ▼ -7.2% | 47/51 |
| 45–59 Minutes | 14.0%±1.3 pp9,303±842 | 15.9%±0.2 pp518,824±6,224 | ▼ -1.9% | 34/51 |
| 60 Minutes or More | 36.4%±1.8 pp24,259±1,172 | 25.3%±0.2 pp825,700±7,593 | ▲ +11.1% | 5/51 |
| Universe: Workers age 16+ (excl. those working from home) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Household Vehicle Access
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Average Vehicles per Household | 1.11±0.05 |
| Households With No Vehicle | 32.1% ±1.8 pp18,219 ±1,000 |
| Households With 1 Vehicle | 37.3% ±2.0 pp21,154 ±1,114 |
| Households With 2 or More Vehicles | 30.5% ±1.7 pp17,299 ±965 |
| Universe: Occupied housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Vehicles per Household | 1.11±0.05 | 0.62±0.00 | ▲ +0.49 | 9/51 |
| Households With No Vehicle | 32.1%±1.8 pp18,219±1,000 | 55.3%±0.3 pp1,844,706±8,712 | ▼ -23.2% | 42/51 |
| Households With 1 Vehicle | 37.3%±2.0 pp21,154±1,114 | 31.9%±0.2 pp1,063,832±6,704 | ▲ +5.4% | 22/51 |
| Households With 2 or More Vehicles | 30.5%±1.7 pp17,299±965 | 12.8%±0.2 pp425,550±5,467 | ▲ +17.8% | 9/51 |
| Universe: Occupied housing units · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Where District 31 Residents Work
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Midtown-Times Square | 4.9%2,855 |
| Far Rockaway-Bayswater | 4.4%2,561 |
| Financial District-Battery Park City | 2.5%1,451 |
| Midtown South-Flatiron-Union Square | 2.5%1,450 |
| Murray Hill-Kips Bay | 1.5%911 |
| All other city neighborhoods | 54.2%31,908 |
| Outside the city | 30.1%17,700 |
| New York city, NY | 3.2%1,858 |
| Manhasset CDP, NY | 1.4%837 |
| Valley Stream village, NY | 1.4%821 |
| Inwood CDP, NY | 0.9%554 |
| Uniondale CDP, NY | 0.9%508 |
| All other New York locations | 19.5%11,481 |
| Out of state | 2.8%1,641 |
| Note: The table shows the five most common work neighborhoods and the five most common New York municipalities outside the city for district 31 residents; remaining locations are grouped into all other city neighborhoods and all other New York locations. Administrative data with no margin of error. Because LODES does not identify whether a worker actually traveled to the reported worksite, permanent work-from-home employees may be assigned to their employer’s worksite even when they make no trip there. | |
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Midtown-Times Square | 4.9%2,855 | 10.3%389,627 | ▼ -5.5% |
| Far Rockaway-Bayswater | 4.4%2,561 | 0.2%7,488 | ▲ +4.2% |
| Financial District-Battery Park City | 2.5%1,451 | 3.7%140,420 | ▼ -1.3% |
| Midtown South-Flatiron-Union Square | 2.5%1,450 | 4.7%178,375 | ▼ -2.3% |
| Murray Hill-Kips Bay | 1.5%911 | 2.1%80,145 | ▼ -0.6% |
| All other city neighborhoods | 54.2%31,908 | 57.0%2,148,727 | ▼ -2.8% |
| Outside the city | 30.1%17,700 | 17.0%639,921 | ▲ +13.1% |
| New York city, NY | 3.2%1,858 | NA%— | — |
| Manhasset CDP, NY | 1.4%837 | NA%— | — |
| Valley Stream village, NY | 1.4%821 | NA%— | — |
| Inwood CDP, NY | 0.9%554 | NA%— | — |
| Uniondale CDP, NY | 0.9%508 | NA%— | — |
| All other New York locations | 19.5%11,481 | 8.1%306,482 | ▲ +11.4% |
| Out of state | 2.8%1,641 | 5.6%212,637 | ▼ -2.9% |
| Note: The table shows the five most common work neighborhoods and the five most common New York municipalities outside the city for district 31 residents; remaining locations are grouped into all other city neighborhoods and all other New York locations. Administrative data with no margin of error. Because LODES does not identify whether a worker actually traveled to the reported worksite, permanent work-from-home employees may be assigned to their employer’s worksite even when they make no trip there. | |||
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | |||
| 2014 | 2019 | 2023 | 2014 → 20232019 → 20232014 → 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Neighborhoods of People Working in District 31
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Far Rockaway-Bayswater | 4.6%2,725 |
| South Ozone Park | 2.6%1,566 |
| Rockaway Beach-Arverne-Edgemere | 2.2%1,295 |
| Canarsie | 1.7%1,009 |
| St. Albans | 1.6%972 |
| All other city neighborhoods | 53.3%31,677 |
| Outside the city | 33.9%20,133 |
| Valley Stream village, NY | 1.1%651 |
| Elmont CDP, NY | 0.8%492 |
| Freeport village, NY | 0.7%415 |
| Hempstead village, NY | 0.6%375 |
| Baldwin CDP, NY | 0.6%358 |
| All other New York locations | 20.2%12,010 |
| Out of state | 9.8%5,832 |
| Note: The table shows the five most common home neighborhoods and the five most common New York municipalities outside the city for people working in district 31; remaining locations are grouped into all other city neighborhoods and all other New York locations. Administrative data with no margin of error. Because LODES does not identify whether a worker actually traveled to the reported worksite, permanent work-from-home employees may be assigned to their employer’s worksite even when they make no trip there. | |
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Far Rockaway-Bayswater | 4.6%2,725 | 0.3%14,799 | ▲ +4.3% |
| South Ozone Park | 2.6%1,566 | 0.5%20,977 | ▲ +2.2% |
| Rockaway Beach-Arverne-Edgemere | 2.2%1,295 | 0.3%12,366 | ▲ +1.9% |
| Canarsie | 1.7%1,009 | 0.8%35,190 | ▲ +0.9% |
| St. Albans | 1.6%972 | 0.3%12,725 | ▲ +1.4% |
| All other city neighborhoods | 53.3%31,677 | 59.6%2,729,271 | ▼ -6.2% |
| Outside the city | 33.9%20,133 | 30.7%1,407,802 | ▲ +3.2% |
| Valley Stream village, NY | 1.1%651 | NA%— | — |
| Elmont CDP, NY | 0.8%492 | NA%— | — |
| Freeport village, NY | 0.7%415 | NA%— | — |
| Hempstead village, NY | 0.6%375 | NA%— | — |
| Baldwin CDP, NY | 0.6%358 | NA%— | — |
| All other New York locations | 20.2%12,010 | 15.0%688,963 | ▲ +5.2% |
| Out of state | 9.8%5,832 | 13.4%615,263 | ▼ -3.6% |
| Note: The table shows the five most common home neighborhoods and the five most common New York municipalities outside the city for people working in district 31; remaining locations are grouped into all other city neighborhoods and all other New York locations. Administrative data with no margin of error. Because LODES does not identify whether a worker actually traveled to the reported worksite, permanent work-from-home employees may be assigned to their employer’s worksite even when they make no trip there. | |||
| Universe: LODES-covered private-sector wage-and-salary jobs located in this district. LODES identifies jobs primarily from state Unemployment Insurance records and does not cover self-employed workers or other employment outside that system, including military, railroad, certain agricultural, nonprofit, family, and some federal jobs. · Geography: Census Blocks · Source: U.S. Census Bureau LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES), 2023 | |||
| 2014 | 2019 | 2023 | 2014 → 20232019 → 20232014 → 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Technology Access
Household Computer Access
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| No Computer or Smartphone | 4.7% ±0.8 pp2,662 ±469 |
| Smartphone Only, No Desktop or Laptop | 13.0% ±1.5 pp7,389 ±854 |
| Desktop or Laptop Available | 75.3% ±1.7 pp42,687 ±992 |
| Universe: Households · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Computer or Smartphone | 4.7%±0.8 pp2,662±469 | 5.3%±0.1 pp176,859±3,595 | ▼ -0.6% | 31/51 |
| Smartphone Only, No Desktop or Laptop | 13.0%±1.5 pp7,389±854 | 10.4%±0.2 pp345,892±5,840 | ▲ +2.7% | 16/51 |
| Desktop or Laptop Available | 75.3%±1.7 pp42,687±992 | 78.3%±0.3 pp2,609,116±9,782 | ▼ -2.9% | 32/51 |
| Universe: Households · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Household Internet Access
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Has Internet Access | 93.2% ±1.2 pp52,818 ±696 |
| Cellular Data Plan Only | 24.8% ±1.7 pp14,074 ±978 |
| Internet Access Without a Paid Subscription | 2.1% ±0.6 pp1,213 ±326 |
| No Internet Access | 6.8% ±1.0 pp3,854 ±588 |
| Universe: Households · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Has Internet Access | 93.2%±1.2 pp52,818±696 | 92.7%±0.2 pp3,091,461±7,739 | ▲ +0.5% | 20/51 |
| Cellular Data Plan Only | 24.8%±1.7 pp14,074±978 | 13.8%±0.2 pp458,465±6,304 | ▲ +11.1% | 2/51 |
| Internet Access Without a Paid Subscription | 2.1%±0.6 pp1,213±326 | 2.1%±0.1 pp70,581±2,816 | 0% | 22/51 |
| No Internet Access | 6.8%±1.0 pp3,854±588 | 7.3%±0.1 pp242,627±4,369 | ▼ -0.5% | 32/51 |
| Universe: Households · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Health
Health Insurance
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Uninsured Residents | 6.9% ±0.7 pp12,299 ±1,282 |
| ↳ Uninsured Children Under 19 | 4.2% ±1.4 pp7,478 ±2,464 |
| ↳ Uninsured Adults Ages 19–64 | 9.4% ±1.0 pp16,799 ±1,863 |
| ↳ Uninsured Adults Ages 65 and Older | 1.9% ±1.0 pp3,321 ±1,727 |
| Note: The 2010–2014 child rate is for ages under 18 and its younger-adult rate is for ages 18–64; later releases use under 19 and ages 19–64. The insurance coverage question itself is unchanged; all-residents and 65+ rates use the same age definitions across periods. | |
| Universe: Civilian noninstitutionalized population (excludes institutionalized group quarters, such as correctional facilities and nursing homes; includes residents of college dorms); each by-age rate is a share of that age group, not of all residents · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uninsured Residents | 6.9%±0.7 pp12,299±1,282 | 6.3%±0.1 pp532,974±8,143 | ▲ +0.6% | 18/51 |
| ↳ Uninsured Children Under 19 | 4.2%±1.4 pp7,478±2,464 | 2.3%±0.2 pp195,740±12,920 | ▲ +1.9% | 4/51 |
| ↳ Uninsured Adults Ages 19–64 | 9.4%±1.0 pp16,799±1,863 | 9.0%±0.1 pp759,685±12,107 | ▲ +0.5% | 19/51 |
| ↳ Uninsured Adults Ages 65 and Older | 1.9%±1.0 pp3,321±1,727 | 1.5%±0.1 pp129,345±11,769 | ▲ +0.3% | 17/51 |
| Note: The 2010–2014 child rate is for ages under 18 and its younger-adult rate is for ages 18–64; later releases use under 19 and ages 19–64. The insurance coverage question itself is unchanged; all-residents and 65+ rates use the same age definitions across periods. | ||||
| Universe: Civilian noninstitutionalized population (excludes institutionalized group quarters, such as correctional facilities and nursing homes; includes residents of college dorms); each by-age rate is a share of that age group, not of all residents · Geography: Census Block Group · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Health Insurance Coverage Types
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Note: People can have more than one type of health insurance, so coverage type rows are not mutually exclusive and will not sum to the insured total. Some multiple-coverage combinations are not attributed to a specific coverage type and are grouped as “Multiple Types of Insurance, Specific Types Unspecified.” Medicaid includes other means-tested public insurance types such as CHIP. | |
| Universe: Civilian noninstitutionalized population (excludes institutionalized group quarters, such as correctional facilities and nursing homes; includes residents of college dorms) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Note: People can have more than one type of health insurance, so coverage type rows are not mutually exclusive and will not sum to the insured total. Some multiple-coverage combinations are not attributed to a specific coverage type and are grouped as “Multiple Types of Insurance, Specific Types Unspecified.” Medicaid includes other means-tested public insurance types such as CHIP. | ||||
| Universe: Civilian noninstitutionalized population (excludes institutionalized group quarters, such as correctional facilities and nursing homes; includes residents of college dorms) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Disability
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Adults With at Least One Disability | 15.0% ±0.9 pp19,796 ±1,199 |
| Mobility Disability | 9.3% ±0.7 pp12,297 ±980 |
| Hearing Disability | 2.3% ±0.4 pp3,030 ±534 |
| Vision Disability | 3.1% ±0.5 pp4,067 ±662 |
| Cognitive Disability | 4.9% ±0.6 pp6,387 ±754 |
| Self-Care Disability | 3.8% ±0.5 pp4,993 ±671 |
| Independent Living Disability | 6.9% ±0.6 pp9,028 ±851 |
| Note: People can report more than one disability, so the percent with at least one disability will be less than the sum of the individual disability categories. See the disability measures page for the ACS question wording. | |
| Universe: Adult population 18 years and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adults With at Least One Disability | 15.0%±0.9 pp19,796±1,199 | 14.5%±0.1 pp971,814±8,057 | ▲ +0.6% | 18/51 |
| Mobility Disability | 9.3%±0.7 pp12,297±980 | 8.9%±0.1 pp595,590±6,636 | ▲ +0.5% | 19/51 |
| Hearing Disability | 2.3%±0.4 pp3,030±534 | 2.8%±0.1 pp187,716±4,152 | ▼ -0.5% | 35/51 |
| Vision Disability | 3.1%±0.5 pp4,067±662 | 3.1%±0.1 pp210,159±4,179 | 0% | 17/51 |
| Cognitive Disability | 4.9%±0.6 pp6,387±754 | 5.3%±0.1 pp353,232±5,842 | ▼ -0.4% | 27/51 |
| Self-Care Disability | 3.8%±0.5 pp4,993±671 | 3.6%±0.1 pp244,214±4,460 | ▲ +0.2% | 22/51 |
| Independent Living Disability | 6.9%±0.6 pp9,028±851 | 6.6%±0.1 pp442,554±5,785 | ▲ +0.3% | 22/51 |
| Note: People can report more than one disability, so the percent with at least one disability will be less than the sum of the individual disability categories. See the disability measures page for the ACS question wording. | ||||
| Universe: Adult population 18 years and over · Geography: Census Tract · Source: ACS 2020–2024 | ||||
Incidence of Health Problems
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Arthritis | 22.0%30,180 |
| High Blood Pressure | 37.9%51,921 |
| Cancer | 5.4%7,363 |
| Current Asthma | 11.6%15,864 |
| Coronary Heart Disease | 5.8%7,930 |
| COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) | 6.2%8,444 |
| Diabetes | 14.9%20,493 |
| High Cholesterol | 37.2%51,073 |
| Obesity | 31.6%43,284 |
| Stroke | 4.2%5,755 |
| Lost All Natural Teeth | 3.6%4,903 |
| Note: All measures ask if a health care provider diagnosed the given condition except obesity (calculated from self-reported height and weight) and all teeth lost (self-reported). Cancer includes melanoma but excludes non-melanoma skin cancers. The all teeth lost question is asked only of adults age 65 or older, but we display values for the adult population, assuming those age 18–64 have not lost all their teeth. | |
| Universe: Adult population (Age 18+) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: CDC PLACES 2025 release; BRFSS inputs: 2023 for most measures and 2022 for all teeth lost; modeled estimates; no margin of error | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arthritis | 22.0%30,180 | 19.9%1,299,979 | ▲ +2.1% | 11/51 |
| High Blood Pressure | 37.9%51,921 | 30.0%1,959,768 | ▲ +7.9% | 2/51 |
| Cancer | 5.4%7,363 | 5.8%378,888 | ▼ -0.4% | 27/51 |
| Current Asthma | 11.6%15,864 | 10.2%666,321 | ▲ +1.4% | 9/51 |
| Coronary Heart Disease | 5.8%7,930 | 5.4%352,758 | ▲ +0.4% | 18/51 |
| COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) | 6.2%8,444 | 5.4%352,758 | ▲ +0.8% | 18/51 |
| Diabetes | 14.9%20,493 | 11.9%777,375 | ▲ +3.0% | 12/51 |
| High Cholesterol | 37.2%51,073 | 37.0%2,417,047 | ▲ +0.2% | 23/51 |
| Obesity | 31.6%43,284 | 25.1%1,639,673 | ▲ +6.5% | 10/51 |
| Stroke | 4.2%5,755 | 3.3%215,574 | ▲ +0.9% | 8/51 |
| Lost All Natural Teeth | 3.6%4,903 | 2.9%186,962 | ▲ +0.7% | 13/51 |
| Note: All measures ask if a health care provider diagnosed the given condition except obesity (calculated from self-reported height and weight) and all teeth lost (self-reported). Cancer includes melanoma but excludes non-melanoma skin cancers. The all teeth lost question is asked only of adults age 65 or older, but we display values for the adult population, assuming those age 18–64 have not lost all their teeth. | ||||
| Universe: Adult population (Age 18+) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: CDC PLACES 2025 release; BRFSS inputs: 2023 for most measures and 2022 for all teeth lost; modeled estimates; no margin of error | ||||
Health Risk Behaviors
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Binge Drinking in Past 30 Days | 13.6%18,617 |
| Current Cigarette Smoking | 13.0%17,873 |
| No Leisure-Time Physical Activity | 32.0%43,839 |
| Short Sleep Duration | 43.1%59,075 |
| Note: Binge drinking means 5 or more drinks on at least one occasion for men, or 4 or more for women, in the past 30 days. Current cigarette smoking means smoking every day or some days. Physical inactivity means no leisure-time physical activity in the past month. Short sleep duration means averaging fewer than 7 hours of sleep per 24-hour period. | |
| Universe: Adult population (Age 18+) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: CDC PLACES 2025 release; BRFSS inputs: 2023 for most measures and 2022 for short sleep duration; modeled estimates; no margin of error | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Binge Drinking in Past 30 Days | 13.6%18,617 | 16.9%1,104,003 | ▼ -3.3% | 43/51 |
| Current Cigarette Smoking | 13.0%17,873 | 11.4%744,712 | ▲ +1.6% | 16/51 |
| No Leisure-Time Physical Activity | 32.0%43,839 | 28.1%1,835,649 | ▲ +3.9% | 15/51 |
| Short Sleep Duration | 43.1%59,075 | 39.2%2,560,764 | ▲ +3.9% | 14/51 |
| Note: Binge drinking means 5 or more drinks on at least one occasion for men, or 4 or more for women, in the past 30 days. Current cigarette smoking means smoking every day or some days. Physical inactivity means no leisure-time physical activity in the past month. Short sleep duration means averaging fewer than 7 hours of sleep per 24-hour period. | ||||
| Universe: Adult population (Age 18+) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: CDC PLACES 2025 release; BRFSS inputs: 2023 for most measures and 2022 for short sleep duration; modeled estimates; no margin of error | ||||
Overall Health Status
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Fair or Poor Self-Reported Health | 23.5%32,176 |
| Frequent Physical Distress | 13.9%19,121 |
| Note: Frequent physical distress means self-reported physical health was not good for 14 or more of the past 30 days. | |
| Universe: Adult population (Age 18+) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: CDC PLACES 2025 release; BRFSS inputs: 2023; modeled estimates; no margin of error | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fair or Poor Self-Reported Health | 23.5%32,176 | 20.7%1,352,240 | ▲ +2.8% | 14/51 |
| Frequent Physical Distress | 13.9%19,121 | 13.0%849,233 | ▲ +0.9% | 19/51 |
| Note: Frequent physical distress means self-reported physical health was not good for 14 or more of the past 30 days. | ||||
| Universe: Adult population (Age 18+) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: CDC PLACES 2025 release; BRFSS inputs: 2023; modeled estimates; no margin of error | ||||
Preventive Care
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Taking Medication for High Blood Pressure | 77.8%106,694 |
| Routine Checkup in Past Year | 82.6%113,267 |
| Cholesterol Check in Past 5 Years | 89.2%122,245 |
| Up to Date on Colorectal Cancer Screening | 66.9%91,754 |
| Dental Visit in Past Year | 56.0%76,811 |
| Mammogram in Past 2 Years | 81.6%111,903 |
| Universe: Annual checkup, cholesterol screening, and dental visit: adults 18 and over; blood pressure medication: adults 18 and over with high blood pressure; colorectal cancer screening: adults 45–75; mammography: women 50–74 · Geography: Census Tract · Source: CDC PLACES 2025 release; BRFSS inputs: 2023 for routine checkup, cholesterol screening, and blood-pressure medication, and 2022 for colorectal screening, dental visit, and mammography; modeled estimates; no margin of error | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taking Medication for High Blood Pressure | 77.8%106,694 | 74.5%4,866,757 | ▲ +3.3% | 7/51 |
| Routine Checkup in Past Year | 82.6%113,267 | 79.7%5,206,450 | ▲ +2.9% | 2/51 |
| Cholesterol Check in Past 5 Years | 89.2%122,245 | 87.9%5,742,120 | ▲ +1.3% | 15/51 |
| Up to Date on Colorectal Cancer Screening | 66.9%91,754 | 64.3%4,200,436 | ▲ +2.6% | 14/51 |
| Dental Visit in Past Year | 56.0%76,811 | 58.6%3,828,080 | ▼ -2.6% | 32/51 |
| Mammogram in Past 2 Years | 81.6%111,903 | 78.5%5,128,060 | ▲ +3.1% | 9/51 |
| Universe: Annual checkup, cholesterol screening, and dental visit: adults 18 and over; blood pressure medication: adults 18 and over with high blood pressure; colorectal cancer screening: adults 45–75; mammography: women 50–74 · Geography: Census Tract · Source: CDC PLACES 2025 release; BRFSS inputs: 2023 for routine checkup, cholesterol screening, and blood-pressure medication, and 2022 for colorectal screening, dental visit, and mammography; modeled estimates; no margin of error | ||||
Mental Health
| Category | District 31 |
|---|---|
| Medical Provider-Diagnosed Depression | 15.2%20,803 |
| Frequent Mental Distress | 16.7%22,915 |
| Lack of Social/Emotional Support | 35.0%47,955 |
| Loneliness | 41.5%56,915 |
| Note: Frequent mental distress means mental health was not good for 14 or more of the past 30 days. Loneliness means feeling lonely sometimes, often, or all the time. Lack of social and emotional support means sometimes, rarely, or never getting the social and emotional support needed. | |
| Universe: Adult population (Age 18+) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: CDC PLACES 2025 release; BRFSS inputs: 2023; modeled estimates; no margin of error | |
| Category | District 31 | City | Difference | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical Provider-Diagnosed Depression | 15.2%20,803 | 16.4%1,071,340 | ▼ -1.2% | 38/51 |
| Frequent Mental Distress | 16.7%22,915 | 15.4%1,006,014 | ▲ +1.3% | 13/51 |
| Lack of Social/Emotional Support | 35.0%47,955 | 30.9%2,018,561 | ▲ +4.1% | 14/51 |
| Loneliness | 41.5%56,915 | 38.5%2,515,036 | ▲ +3.0% | 9/51 |
| Note: Frequent mental distress means mental health was not good for 14 or more of the past 30 days. Loneliness means feeling lonely sometimes, often, or all the time. Lack of social and emotional support means sometimes, rarely, or never getting the social and emotional support needed. | ||||
| Universe: Adult population (Age 18+) · Geography: Census Tract · Source: CDC PLACES 2025 release; BRFSS inputs: 2023; modeled estimates; no margin of error | ||||